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目的了解宜州市在达到传播阻断过程中血吸虫病疫情的变化规律及其影响因素。方法按照卫生部血咨委制定的调查方案及其提供的数据库软件,收集1962~2008年期间宜州市血吸虫病防治相关数据录入数据库,用Ex-cel和SPSS 15.0分别分析其传播控制阶段、传播阻断阶段和传播阻断后监测阶段3个阶段人群、家畜病情变化、螺情变化和社会经济指标变化等。结果宜州市在达到传播阻断过程中,人群感染率呈先上升后下降,再上升后下降的变化趋势;现有病人数在1965年和1970年大幅反弹后逐渐下降;晚期病人数仅在1964年小幅上升后逐渐减少;有螺面积在1965~1970年间反复波动后逐渐减少,之后在1980年和1982年再次小幅上升后逐渐减少;现有病人数随国民人均生产总值的增加逐渐减少。但1986年进入监测阶段后仅有较小面积残存螺点出现,无疫情回升,成果巩固。结论宜州市达到血吸虫病传播阻断的过程是一个反复曲折的过程,疫情反弹与社会因素密切相关,应树立血防工作重要性、长期性、艰巨性思想,使血防工作真正成为“社会系统工程”。
Objective To understand the variation of schistosomiasis epidemic and its influencing factors in Yizhou during its transmission and interruption. Methods According to the survey program and the database software provided by the Blood Advisory Committee of the Ministry of Health, the database of schistosomiasis control data collected from 1962 to 2008 was collected. Ex-cel and SPSS 15.0 were used to analyze the stage of transmission control, Blocking stage and monitoring stage of transmission block after the three stages of population, domestic animal disease changes, snail changes and changes in socio-economic indicators. Results In Yizhou, the population infection rate increased first and then decreased, then increased and then decreased. The number of existing patients decreased gradually after rebounding sharply in 1965 and 1970. The number of late patients was only It gradually decreased in 1964 and then gradually decreased. The area of snail decreased gradually after fluctuating from 1965 to 1970, and then gradually decreased again after slightly increasing in 1980 and 1982. The number of existing patients decreased with the increase of the national average per capita GDP . However, after entering the monitoring phase in 1986, only a small area of remaining snail spots appeared and no epidemic rose and the results were consolidated. Conclusion The process of blocking the transmission of schistosomiasis in Yizhou is a process of repeated twists and turns. The outbreak of the epidemic is closely related to the social factors and should establish the importance, long-term and arduous ideas of the work of blood-borne prevention so that the blood-disease prevention work truly becomes the social system engineering".