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目的探讨预防小学生近视的有效措施,科学地指导小学生近视预防控制工作。方法于2002-2006年对暨南大学附属小学2002-2003学年三、四年级学生开展预防近视的试验,以暨南大学附属小学三年级学生为试验组1(135人),四年级学生为试验组2(131人)。分别以广州市中小学卫生保健所体质健康监测点同学年的三、四年级学生为对照组1(240人)和对照组2(135人),并以暨南大学附属中学2004-2005学年初一年级学生为内对照组(98人)。试验组采取的干预措施包括上健康教育课,每日做2次全国小学生眼保健操和根据中医针灸经络学说新创眼保健操,同时对学生家长进行预防近视健康教育;对照组未采取干预措施。结果试验组1的近视率(51.1%)比对照组1(79.0%)降低了27.9个百分点,试验组2的近视率(57.2%)比对照组2(70.1%)降低了12.9个百分点;试验组1和试验组2在试验结束时的近视率均低于内对照组。结论采取的预防小学生近视的干预措施是有效的。
Objective To explore effective measures to prevent myopia in primary school students and to guide the prevention and control of pupils’ myopia scientifically. Methods From 2002 to 2006, the third and fourth grade students in primary school of Jinan University from 2002 to 2003 were tested for the prevention of myopia. The third grade primary school affiliated to Jinan University was used as the experimental group 1 (135 students), the fourth grade was the experimental group 2 (131 people). The control groups (240) and the control group (2) (135) were enrolled in the third and fourth graders respectively from the health monitoring points of primary and secondary health clinics in Guangzhou City and the first grade of the 2004-2005 school year Students for the control group (98). Interventions in the experimental group included health education classes, twice a day eye exercises for primary school students and eye exercises based on acupuncture and meridian theory in China. At the same time, parents’ health education on prevention of myopia was implemented. In the control group, no intervention was taken. Results The myopia rate (51.1%) of experimental group 1 was 27.9% lower than that of control group 1 (79.0%), while that of experimental group 2 (57.2%) was 12.9% lower than that of control group 2 Group I and test group 2 at the end of the test myopic were lower than the control group. Conclusions Interventions to prevent myopia in pupils are effective.