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本研究以北京市海淀区三所幼儿园293 名4-6 岁的幼儿为研究对象, 其中两所分别为健康教育者教育组(1 组) 和经过培训的幼师教育组(2 组) , 另一所为对照组(3 组) .在教育前后对幼儿进行KAP问卷调查, 对幼儿家长不进行任何干预, 只进行前后问卷调查.幼儿问卷结果表明: 教育前,1、2、3 组幼儿有关吸烟与被动吸烟的知识均分差异无显著性; 教育后,1 组、2 组的知识均分高于对照组(P＜ 0－01).家长问卷结果表明: 1、2 、3 组总的幼儿被动吸烟率教育前为14－3 ％ , 教育后降至9－8 ％ ;1 组、2 组幼儿教育后的正向行为发生率比教育前明显提高.研究提示选择适合幼儿认知特点的教育方法对幼儿进行反吸烟健康教育是可行且有效的“,”Animpactevaluation ofsmoking controlintervention was conducted among 293 4-6 -year-old childreninthree kindergartensin Haidian Districtof Beijing-Thechil drenintwo kindergartens wereimplemented (testgroups) ,respectively educated by health educatorsandtrained kindergareners, andthechildrenintheotherkindergarten wascontrol group -The effectofintervention wasevaluated based on the comparison ofthe pretestand posttest data-Questionnaire surveys (nointervention) were also conducted among the chil dren's parents before and afterintervention-The resultsshowed thatthere was no differ ence of knowledge concerning smoking and passive smoking among the children in three kindergartens before intervention-After education, the knowledge of the children in test groups wassignificanttly higher than control group (p < 0-01) -The data from parents' questionnaireindicatedthatpassivesmokingrate ofthe children decreased to 9-8% afterin tervention compared with 14-3 % before education-In addition,intervention increased the rateofcorrect action against smoking-The study showsthatif we choose suitable methods forchildren'scharacteristicsofperception,anti-smokingeducation willbepracticableand effective-