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流行病学研究的重要内容之一是阐明疾病的空间分布特征,并分析疾病与周围环境的关系,以便为疾病的防制决策提供依据[1]。早在1848年至1854年(霍乱病原微生物尚未被发现),英国内科医生Snow很好地利用了霍乱死亡名单,以标点地图等方式揭示了死亡的分布现象及其规律,分析出污染的饮用水导致传播,经采取关闭源头水厂措施控制了发病,成为流行病学的一个经典案例[2]。自20世纪80年代以来,随着计算机技术的飞速发展,
One of the important contents of epidemiological studies is to elucidate the spatial distribution of diseases and to analyze the relationship between diseases and the environment in order to provide basis for the prevention and control of diseases [1]. As early as 1848-1854 (cholera pathogens have not yet been found), British physician Snow made good use of the list of cholera deaths, revealed the distribution of deaths and their patterns by punctuation maps, etc., and analyzed contaminated drinking water Leading to spread, by taking measures to close the source of the water plant control of the disease has become a classic case of epidemiology [2]. Since the 1980s, with the rapid development of computer technology,