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沿海开发涉及港口、产业、城镇互动发展,在沿海开发过程中尤其要关注生态环境对人类健康的影响,而生态环境中对人类健康有直接影响的包括医学昆虫、啮齿类动物等医学媒介生物,这些医学媒介生物直接或间接地传播各种疾病。沿海地区广泛存在着各种医学媒介生物,其中,啮齿类动物及其体表寄生的螨、蜱等医学昆虫可传播肾综合征出血热、恙虫病、莱姆病、人粒细胞无形体病、新型布尼亚病毒引起的发热伴血小板减少综合征等,蚊虫可传播流行性乙型脑炎、登革热、疟疾、基孔肯雅热等,蝇和蜚蠊可机械传播肠道传染病等。
Coastal development involves the interactive development of ports, industries and towns. In the process of coastal development, we should pay particular attention to the ecological environment’s impact on human health. The ecological environment has direct impact on human health, including medical insects, rodents and other medical vector organisms, These medical vectors spread diseases directly or indirectly. There are a great variety of medical vector organisms in coastal areas. Among them, medical insects such as mites and ticks parasitic on rodents and their surface can transmit hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, scrub typhus, Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, New Bunia virus-induced fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, mosquitoes can transmit epidemic encephalitis, dengue, malaria, chikungunya fever, flies and cockroaches can be transmitted by mechanical transmission of intestinal infectious diseases.