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目的明确缝匠肌肌皮动脉穿支和肌间隙穿支的分布区域特征,为缝匠肌穿支皮瓣的临床应用提供解剖学依据。方法逐层解剖12侧经红色乳胶灌注的成人下肢新鲜标本,观察缝匠肌动脉血供特征、穿支数目及优势血管分布。结果由各动脉发出进入缝匠肌及其表面皮肤的穿支血管有7~12支,其中以缝匠肌中、上段穿支分布较为集中,主要为股动脉发出。肌皮穿支有3~4支,平均管径(1.30±0.15)mm,蒂长(1.10±0.10)cm;肌间隙穿支2~3条,管径(1.20±0.20)mm,蒂长(1.15±0.15)cm。此外,旋股外侧动脉发出一较长肌间隙穿支,管径(1.35±0.05)mm,蒂长(7.20±1.40)cm,可达缝匠肌中段。结论缝匠肌中、上段穿支较多而位置相对恒定,设计缝匠肌皮瓣游离移植修复组织缺损是切实可行的。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the regional distribution of sarcolemma perforating branch and intermuscular perforator branch of sartorius muscle and to provide anatomical basis for the clinical application of the sartorius perforating flap. Methods Fresh samples of adult lower extremities infused with red latex on 12 sides were dissected layer by layer. The characteristics of sartorius arterial blood supply, the number of perforating branches and the predominant vascular distribution were observed. Results There were 7 ~ 12 perforator blood vessels which were sent into the sartorius muscle and its surface skin by each artery. Among the sartorius muscle, the distribution of perforating branches in the upper segment was more concentrated, mainly the femoral artery. There were 3 to 4 muscular perforations with an average diameter of 1.30 ± 0.15 mm and a pedicle length of 1.10 ± 0.10 cm. Muscles were perforated with 2 to 3 diameters of 1.20 ± 0.20 mm, 1.15 ± 0.15) cm. In addition, the lateral femoral artery issued a longer perforating branch of muscle space, diameter (1.35 ± 0.05) mm, pedicle length (7.20 ± 1.40) cm, up to the sartorius muscle in the middle. Conclusion In the sartorius muscle, there are more perforating branches in the upper part and a relatively constant position. It is practicable to design a sartorius myocutaneous flap for free graft to repair tissue defects.