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一、引言胰岛素是胰腺中胰岛的β细胞所分泌的一种蛋白质激素。它广泛地分布于人体及动物界。其主要功能是促进体内的合成代谢,维持血糖的动态平衡。如果机体内胰岛素分泌不足,则会引起糖尿病。据统计我国糖尿病的发病率为0.61％,其中40岁以上人口患病率高达2.53％。可是目前,我国临床治疗糖尿病的特效药-胰岛素制剂主要从猪胰脏提取,产量低,品种单一,远远不能满足医疗需要。此外,胰岛素作为药剂,仍存在许多不足之处。诸如:注射液使用不便;异体蛋白对人体的抗原性;胰岛素体内作用时间短,半衰期仅
I. INTRODUCTION Insulin is a protein hormone secreted by pancreatic islet beta cells. It is widely distributed in the human body and animal kingdom. Its main function is to promote the body’s metabolism, maintain the dynamic balance of blood glucose. If the body’s insulin secretion is insufficient, it will cause diabetes. According to statistics, the incidence of diabetes in China is 0.61%, of which the prevalence of over 40 years old population as high as 2.53%. However, at present, China’s clinical treatment of diabetes drugs - insulin preparation mainly from pig pancreas extraction, low yield, a single species, far from meeting medical needs. In addition, there are still many shortcomings of insulin as a medicament. Such as: inconvenience to use injection; allogeneic protein on human antigenicity; insulin in vivo action time is short, half-life only