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采用搅拌摩擦焊方法焊接5 mm厚5A06-O铝合金试板,对焊接接头进行室温拉伸力学性能及显微硬度测试,并研究装配精度和板厚差对接头力学性能及焊缝成形的影响。结果表明:焊接接头的抗拉强度及屈服强度高于母材,接头显微硬度呈“n”型分布,焊核区硬度最高;对接焊缝表面的氧化膜会在焊缝中形成S曲线,降低接头力学性能;装配间隙小于0.4 mm,板厚差小于0.5 mm时,焊缝成型美观且接头具有良好的力学性能。
The 5 mm thick 5A06-O aluminum alloy test plate was welded by friction stir welding. The tensile mechanical properties and microhardness of the welded joints were tested at room temperature. The effects of assembly accuracy and thickness difference on the mechanical properties and weld formability of the joints were studied. . The results show that the tensile strength and yield strength of the welded joint are higher than that of the base metal, the microhardness of the joint is distributed in “n” shape, and the hardness of the weld zone is the highest. The oxide film on the butt weld surface forms S Curve to reduce the mechanical properties of the joint. When the assembly clearance is less than 0.4 mm and the thickness difference is less than 0.5 mm, the weld is beautifully formed and the joint has good mechanical properties.