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AIM: To investigate whether anti-H pylori antibodies have cross-reaction with antigens of erythrocyte membrane.METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 14 volunteers (8 positive and 6 negative for H pylori detected by 13C-urea breath test) of the general population. Erythrocyte membrane proteins of the subjects were examined by Western blot using antiH pylori serum. The proteins related to the positive bands were identified by mass spectrum analysis.RESULTS: Anti-H pylori antibodies had cross-reaction with the proteins of about 50 kDa of erythrocyte membranes in all samples independent of H pylori infection. One protein in the positive band was identified as Chain S, the crystal structure of the cytoplasmic domain of human erythrocyte Band-3 protein.CONCLUSION: Anti-H pylori antibodies cross-react with some antigens of human erythrocyte membrane, which may provide a clue for the relationship between H pylori infection and vascular disorders.