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目的探讨小儿支原体肺炎的临床特点、血清学检测、诊断及治疗方法。方法总结75例小儿支原体肺炎的临床资料及治疗与转归。结果本组病例以学龄前及学龄期儿童多见,6岁以上37例(占49.3%),6岁以下38例(占50.7%),其中年龄最小7个月,发病年龄有趋小倾向,临床表现为发热、咳嗽、气促,小婴儿常出现喘憋,肺外并发症较多;胸部X线检查均有不同程度的病变;肺炎支原体特异性抗体IgM(MP-IgM)测定均阳性;所有病例使用阿奇霉素治疗有效。结论支原体肺炎不典型病例逐渐增多,在临床和X线表现上与病毒性及细菌性肺炎不易区分,血清学检测为诊断的主要手段,MP-IgM尤为重要,大环内酯类抗生素是有效的治疗药物。
Objective To investigate the clinical features, serological detection, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods 75 cases of children with mycoplasma pneumonia clinical data and treatment and outcome. Results This group of patients were more common in pre-school and school-age children, 37 cases (49.3%) over 6 years old and 38 cases (50.7%) under 6 years old, of which the youngest was 7 months, Clinical manifestations of fever, cough, shortness of breath, wheezing often occur in small infants, extrapulmonary complications; chest X-ray examination has varying degrees of lesions; Mycoplasma pneumoniae specific antibody IgM (MP-IgM) were measured positive; Azithromycin was effective in all cases. Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumonia is not typical cases of progressive increase in clinical and X-ray performance with viral and bacterial pneumonia is not easy to distinguish serological test as the main means of diagnosis, MP-IgM is particularly important macrolide antibiotics is effective medicine.