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目的评价湛江市赤坎区实施儿童计划免疫20年及针对疾病的控制效果,为延续计划免疫工作到免疫规划管理提供科学依据。方法对历年接种率监测报表及“按容量概率比例和分层随机抽样法”调查适龄儿童接种率、强化免疫数据、辖区内各医疗单位法定传染病报告等资料进行分析。结果赤坎区儿童计划免疫接种率通过了三个“85%”达标后各种疫苗接种率仍保持在95%以上的高水平,所针对疾病脊髓灰质炎(简称脊灰)、白喉、结核性脑膜炎、流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑),从1986年至2004年无病例发生,百日咳从1984年的178例下降到2001年以后的0例,麻疹从1984年的223例下降到2004年的5例,下降了97.76%。结论湛江市赤坎区儿童计划免疫针对疾病控制效果显著,连续而持久地维持高常规免疫接种率,适时的强化免疫,健全的疾病监测系统,依靠科学的管理,达到控制乃至消灭计划免疫针对疾病的目的。
Objective To evaluate the effect of controlling 20% childhood immunization and disease control in Chikan District of Zhanjiang City to provide a scientific basis for the continuation of planned immunization work to the immunization program management. Methods The surveillance reports of vaccination rate over the years and the investigation of coverage rates and fortified immunization data of eligible children according to the ratio of volume and probability and stratified random sampling method were used to analyze the reports of notifiable infectious diseases among medical units in the jurisdiction. Results The planned immunization rate of children in Chikan District passed the high levels of 95% after three “85%” standards were reached. The vaccination rates against poliomyelitis (referred to as polio), diphtheria, tuberculosis Meningitis and Japanese encephalitis (Encephalitis B) had no case from 1986 to 2004. Pertussis dropped from 178 cases in 1984 to 0 case after 2001. Measles dropped from 223 cases in 1984 to Five cases in 2004, down 97.76%. Conclusion The planned immunization for children in Chikan District of Zhanjiang City has significant effect on disease control. Continuous and sustained high-rate immunization coverage, timely immunization and sound disease surveillance system rely on scientific management to control and even eliminate planned immunization. the goal of.