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黏弹-触变特性是含蜡原油重要的流变特性,对输油管道停输后再启动过程的水力特性及管道运行安全具有重要影响。介绍了含蜡原油黏弹-触变特性的成因、机理和特点,总结了常用触变性测试方法及优缺点。评述了现有触变模型的研究现状,分析了现有黏塑性触变模型和黏弹-触变模型的特点与缺陷。对于目前最常用的结构动力学类触变模型,阐述了采用单一结构参数存在的问题,详尽分析了现有速率方程的一些数学特性及其存在的缺陷,总结了现有的一些改进方法。
Viscoelastic-thixotropic properties are the important rheological properties of waxy crude oil, and have an important influence on the hydraulic characteristics of pipelines and the safe operation of pipelines after their shutdown. The causes, mechanism and characteristics of viscoelastic-thixotropic properties of waxy crude oil are introduced. The common thixotropy test methods and advantages and disadvantages are summarized. The current research on the thixotropic model is reviewed. The characteristics and defects of the existing visco-plastic thixotropic model and the viscoelastic-thixotropic model are analyzed. For the most commonly used thixotropic model of structural dynamics, the problems existing in using single structural parameters are expounded. Some mathematical properties of the existing velocity equations and their defects are analyzed in detail. Some existing improvement methods are summarized.