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目的探讨父母教养方式与儿童伤害倾向的关系,为制定伤害高危儿童的家庭预防策略提供参考。方法随机选取太原市2所城区小学,整群选取四~五年级学生为调查对象。共发放671份问卷,回收有效问卷664份,回收率为99.0%,其中伤害次数缺失46份,最终问卷有618份。调查内容包括1 a中伤害发生情况以及父母教养方式。结果伤害发生倾向儿童组母亲拒绝否认和母亲因子惩罚严厉的平均得分均高于非伤害发生倾向儿童组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-2.013,-2.054,P值均<0.05)。相关分析,母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉均与伤害发生倾向呈正相关(r值分别为0.081,0.082,P值均<0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析提示,母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉是伤害发生倾向的危险因素(OR值分别为1.051,1.047,P值均<0.05)。结论父母教养方式与儿童伤害倾向有关。应有针对的指导改善家长对儿童的教养方式,以减少伤害发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between parental rearing patterns and child injury tendencies and to provide references for the development of family prevention strategies for children at higher risk of injury. Methods Two primary schools in Taiyuan City were randomly selected, and the fourth and fifth grade students in the whole cluster were selected as the survey subjects. A total of 671 questionnaires were distributed and 664 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 99.0%, of which 46 were missing and 618 were final. The survey included the occurrence of injuries and parental rearing patterns in January. Results Injury tendencies The average scores of the mothers who refused to deny and the maternity penalty severely in the children group were higher than those in the non-injury children group (t = -2.013 and -2.054, respectively, P <0.05). Correlation analysis, the mother refused to deny that the severe punishment of mothers and injury tendencies were positively correlated (r values were 0.081, 0.082, P values were <0.05). Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers refused to deny that severe maternal punishment was a risk factor for the occurrence of injury (OR = 1.051, 1.047, P <0.05 respectively). Conclusions Parental rearing patterns are related to child injury tendencies. Targeted guidance should be given to improving parenting of children to reduce harm.