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目的探讨不同特质焦虑军校学员认知情绪调节策略和应对方式的使用情况及他们与焦虑的关系。方法采用特质-状态焦虑问卷(STAI-Formy)、认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对328名军校学员进行整群抽样调查。根据测验结果选取高特质焦虑组(n=51)和低特质焦虑组(n=69)共120人,比较两组被试的CERQ和SCSQ的差异。结果 1与低特质焦虑组相比,高特质焦虑组有更高的状态焦虑(P<0.01)和消极应对(P<0.05),对沉思、灾难化、责备他人等策略使用更多(P<0.01);低特质焦虑组则有更高的积极应对(P<0.01),对重新关注计划和积极重新评价策略使用更多(P<0.01);2特质-状态焦虑与沉思、灾难化、责备他人呈显著正相关(P<0.01);特质-状态焦虑与积极重新关注、重新关注计划、积极重新评价和积极应对呈显著负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01);3回归分析结果显示:沉思、积极重新关注、灾难化、责备他人4种认知情绪调节策略和积极应对、消极应对2种应对方式对状态焦虑有显著预测力;沉思、积极重新关注、灾难化3种策略和积极应对、消极应对2种应对方式对特质焦虑有显著预测力,解释率分别为27.6%和30.3%。结论不同焦虑特质军校学员的认知情绪调节策略、应对方式和焦虑密切相关。
Objective To explore the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and coping styles of students with different trait anxiety and their relationship with anxiety. Methods A total of 328 cadets were enrolled in a cluster sampling survey using the STAI-Formy, CERQ and SCSQ questionnaires. According to the test results, a total of 120 subjects with high trait anxiety (n = 51) and low trait anxiety (n = 69) were selected to compare the differences of CERQ and SCSQ between the two groups. Results 1 Compared with low-quality anxiety group, high-quality anxiety group had higher state anxiety (P <0.01) and negative coping (P <0.05), more use of strategies such as meditation, disastrousness and blaming others (P < (P <0.01); the low-trait anxiety group had a higher positive response (P <0.01), and more use of the refocusing plan and positive reassessment strategy (P <0.01); 2 traits - state anxiety and contemplation, catastrophe, reproach (P <0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between trait-state anxiety and positive refocusing, refocusing plan, active reevaluation and positive coping (P <0.05, P <0.01) .3 Regression analysis showed that: Pessimism, reproach, blame others 4 kinds of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and actively respond to negative coping with 2 kinds of coping modes have significant predictive power of state anxiety; pensive, positive refocus, catastrophic strategies and positive response , While negative responses to the two coping modes have significant predictive power on trait anxiety, explaining rates of 27.6% and 30.3% respectively. Conclusion Cognitive emotion regulation strategies, coping styles and anxiety of cadets with different anxiety traits are closely related.