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《近思录》一书,由南宋时期著名的理学家朱熹和吕祖谦选辑北宋四子的观点编纂而成。该书不仅体现了北宋四子的思想观点,而且反映了朱熹和吕祖谦二人的思想倾向。全书共十四卷,每卷探讨的主旨均有所不同。第五卷对克治修身这一中国哲学、中国伦理学经久不衰的话题做了详细地剖析和探讨,并提出了修身的主要方法,包括复礼、节欲、克己、改过迁善。虽零乱不成系统,但大致上都坚持了一个原则,即内外兼修、以内为主。前后论述虽有不同,但对外在修身之道和内在养心之道,还是有很强的内在逻辑。北宋四子之言所阐发出的修身思想,很大程度上指向内心的自修,这无疑对当今人们的处世修身具有指导价值。
The Book of Nian Si Lu was compiled from the viewpoints of the famous scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty Zhu Xi and Lu Zuqian’s selection of the four sons of the Northern Song Dynasty. The book not only reflects the views of the four sons of the Northern Song Dynasty, but also reflects the ideological tendencies of Zhu Xi and Lu Zuqian. The book a total of 14 volumes, each volume to explore the theme is different. The fifth volume provides a detailed analysis and discussion on the enduring subject of Chinese philosophy and Chinese ethics, and proposes the main methods of self-cultivation, including re-enactment, abstinence, self-denial and reversion. Although it is not a disorderly system, it basically upholds the principle that internally and externally, mainly internal. Although there are differences before and after the discussion, but the external self-cultivation of the road and the inner recuperation of the heart, there is still a strong internal logic. The self-cultivation thought elaborated by the four sons of the Northern Song Dynasty, to a large extent, points to the inner self-cultivation, which undoubtedly has guiding value to people’s self-cultivation and self-cultivation.