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目的观察25％氯硝柳胺悬浮剂对日本血吸虫尾蚴的杀灭效果,确定杀蚴有效剂量,为氯硝柳胺悬浮剂现场灭蚴提供依据。方法杀蚴实验:用25％氯硝柳胺悬浮剂配制氯硝柳胺基质浓度分别为10、5、1、0．5、0．1、0．05、0．01 mg／L溶液,每个浓度组分别取药液0．3 ml置于48孔培养板中,后加入活尾蚴20-50条,解剖镜下观察尾蚴的存活。小鼠感染实验:将200条活尾蚴移入到30 ml的水体中用微型喷雾器均匀喷洒不同浓度氯硝柳胺溶液1 000、100、10、1、0．1、0．01 mg／L于水体表面,喷洒量为药液在水体扩散后整个水体中的终浓度分别为11．6、1．16、0．116、 1．16×10-2、1．16×10-3、1．16×10-4mg／L。喷药后10 min采用浸尾法感染小鼠30 min,小鼠感染 35 d后解剖,观察鼠的虫负荷。结果尾蚴在浓度为10 mg／L和5 mg／L溶液中1 min、1 mg／L和 0．5 mg／L中2 min及0．1 mg／L溶液中30 min死亡率均为100％;在0．05 mg／L和0．01 mg／L溶液中60 min,未见尾蚴死亡。小鼠感染实验显示,经1 000、100、10、1、0．1 mg／L溶液作水面喷洒后,小鼠感染虫负荷显著低于对照组。结论氯硝柳胺杀蚴的有效浓度为0．1 mg／L,随有效浓度的降低,其杀蚴效果逐渐减弱,<0．1 mg／L时,对尾蚴无杀灭作用;用浓度>0．1 mg／L氯硝柳胺悬浮剂对水体表面进行喷洒可起到水体表面灭蚴的作用。
Objective To observe the killing effect of 25% niclosamide suspension on cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum, and to determine the effective dose for killing larvae, so as to provide the basis for the in situ sterilization of niclosamide suspension. Methods to kill the laparotomy experiment: with 25% niclosamide suspension formulated niclosamide matrix concentrations were 10,5,1,0.5,0.1,0.05,0.01 mg / L solution, each A concentration group were taken liquid 0.3 ml placed in 48-well culture plate, then added 20-50 live cercariae, dissection microscopic observation of cercariae survival. Mouse Infection Experiment: 200 live cercariae were transferred to 30 ml water with a micro sprayer sprayed with different concentrations of niclosamide solution 1000,100,10,1,0.1,0.01 mg / L in water The surface, the amount of spraying liquid after the proliferation of water in the final concentration of water were 11.6,1.16,0.116, 1.16 × 10-2, 1.16 × 10-3,1.16 × 10-4mg / L. Mice were challenged by tail-immersion method for 10 min after spraying for 10 min. The mice were dissected for 35 days and the insect burden was observed. Results The mortality of cercariae in 10 mg / L and 5 mg / L solution for 1 min, 30 min in 1 mg / L and 0.5 mg / L for 2 min and 0.1 mg / L solution were both 100% In 0.05 mg / L and 0.01 mg / L solution for 60 min, no cercariae died. Infection experiments in mice showed that after 1 000, 100, 10, 1, 0.1 mg / L solution was sprayed on water, the infection burden of mice was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion The effective concentration of niclosamide to kill the larvae is 0.1 mg / L, and the killing effect of the niclosamide gradually decreases with the decreasing of the effective concentration. When the concentration of niclosamide is less than 0.1 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L niclosamide suspension sprayed on the surface of the water body can play a role in killing the surface of larvae.