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在住院期间罹患的肺炎虽在医院感染中所占比例不大,约15%左右,但随之招致的住院额外附加费用却远高于其它各种在医院中的感染(表1)。不仅如此,还意味着在住院期间导致了一场严重疾病的发生,而且是所有医院感染中造成死亡的常见原因之一。因此,无疑从客观上增加了积极预防这类感染的紧迫感。住院期间并非所有的病人罹患肺炎的机会尽皆相同,而是与一些具体条件有关。常见的危险因素包括有:(1)口咽部及上呼
Although the proportion of pneumococcal infections during hospitalization is small, about 15%, the additional hospital charges incurred are far higher than those of other hospital infections (Table 1). Not only that, it also means that a serious illness has occurred during hospitalization and is one of the common causes of death from all hospital infections. Therefore, there is no doubt that the sense of urgency to actively prevent such infections has been objectively increased. Not all patients have the same chance of contracting pneumonia during hospitalization, but they are related to specific conditions. Common risk factors include: (1) Oropharynx and upper call