自认是指在民事诉讼中当事人一方对于另一方主张的于己不利的事实的认可。关于民事自认的属性和效力,历来存在争议。自认一旦成立就会免除对方当事人的举证责任,而且对法院具有直接的约束力,所以自认是一种证据规则。自认对当事人和法院具有拘束力,但在某些情况下自认的效力也受到限制。 Self-identification refers to the fact that one of the parties in civil litigation endorsed the unfavorable fact that the other party claimed. There has always been a dispute about the attributes and effectiveness of civilians. Once established, they will be exempt from the burden of proof of the other party and have direct binding power to the court, so they consider themselves to be a kind of evidence rules. Consider themselves binding on the parties and the courts, but in some cases the validity of their admission is also limited.