本文综合地分析了现代西方哲学方法论的一些主要形态,概括了它们的一些主要特点及其发展变化。作者认为:这中间特别值得我们注意的,是他们有关社会科学特殊方法论的研究。相比之下,我们在这方面尚缺乏应有的重视。近些年来,我们一味强调在社会科学研究中引进自然科学方法,而日益忽视这两大科学门类各自从对象到方法的特殊性,这也是不利于科学发展的。 This paper analyzes some main forms of modern Western philosophical methodology and summarizes some of their main features and their changes. The author argues that what deserves our special attention is the study of their particular methodology in social sciences. In contrast, we lack the due attention in this respect. In recent years, we have always stressed that introducing the methods of natural science into social science research and increasingly neglecting the particularity of each of the two major scientific disciplines from object to method is not conducive to scientific development.