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跨国R&D投资属于外国直接投资(FDI),也是资金、技术、管理理念等相关要素的跨国界转移,是FDI的高级形态。其技术溢出既与一般生产性的FDI技术溢出有类似之处,按示范、竞争、人才流动和合作等四种形态的路径溢出,但又有诸多的不同点,有其固有的规律性。本文从溢出特点、溢出方式和影响溢出因素等维度构建了跨国R&D投资的技术溢出效应的理论分析框架,试图为评判跨国R&D投资的技术溢出效应与实施多层次的决策提供有效的决策依据。
Transnational R & D investment is foreign direct investment (FDI), but also cross-border transfer of funds, technology, management concepts and other related elements, is the advanced form of FDI. The technology spillover has similarities with the general technological FDI spillover, overflowing with the four forms of demonstration, competition, talent flow and cooperation. However, there are many differences and their inherent regularity. This paper constructs the theoretical analysis framework of the technology spillover effect of multinational R & D investment from the dimensions of spillover characteristics, spillovers and spillover effects, and tries to provide an effective decision-making basis for evaluating the technology spillover effect of multinational R & D investment and implementing multi-level decision-making.