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昆虫烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(nicotinic acetylcholine receptors,nAChRs)广泛分布于昆虫中枢神经系统,是杀虫剂作用的主要靶标。目前昆虫中该受体的天然亚基组成尚不完全明确。果蝇的任意α亚基与脊椎动物的一个β亚基共表达是目前最好的异源表达模型,但仍然急需新的研究工具,研究表明一些与受体相关的蛋白质影响着表达。胞内磷酸化的调节作用为今后受体药理学特性的研究提供了新方向。受体亚基上一些关键氨基酸在新烟碱杀虫剂对受体的选择作用中起重要作用。在对吡虫啉抗性的褐飞虱种群中找到了与抗性相关的突变位点,这为新烟碱类杀虫剂靶标不敏感性研究提供了直接证据。对昆虫烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的分子多样性、功能表达、胞内调节机制、受体与杀虫剂的选择作用及其抗性分子机理等的研究进展进行了综述。
Insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely distributed in the central nervous system of insects and are the main targets of pesticide action. At present, the natural subunits of this receptor in insects are not completely defined yet. Co-expression of any α subunit of Drosophila with a β subunit of vertebrates is by far the best heterologous expression model, but new research tools are still urgently needed and studies have shown that some receptor-related proteins affect expression. The regulation of intracellular phosphorylation provides a new direction for the study of the pharmacological properties of the receptor in the future. Some of the key amino acids on the receptor subunit play an important role in neonicotinoid insecticide selection of receptors. The resistance-related mutation sites were found in the imidacloprid-resistant population of BPH, which provided direct evidence for the insensitivity of neonicotinoid insecticides to target insensitivity. The research progresses on molecular diversity, functional expression, intracellular regulation mechanism of insects nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, selection of receptors and insecticides and their molecular mechanisms of resistance were reviewed.