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本世纪20年代初,孙中山先生曾于1922年和1924年领导过两次北伐。对于这一重要问题,国内外史学研究者很少论及。本文试作述论。一剖析我国辛亥革命以后到20年代初的时代背景和阶级关系,可以看到,孙中山在1922年之所以提出北伐,是由多种因素促成的。1、辛亥以后的中国政局的影响。辛亥革命以后,中国社会两大主要矛盾并没确解决。当时,中国政治上的特点主要表现为:(1)大地主大买办阶级的代表袁世凯窃夺辛亥果实,建立了北洋军阀反革命政权。中华民国在以袁世凯为首的官僚武人的摧残之下,“仅存
In the early 1920s, Sun Yat-sen led two Northern Expeditions in 1922 and 1924. For this important issue, historians at home and abroad rarely talked about. This article tries to make a discussion. After analyzing the background and class relations from the 1911 Revolution to the early 1920s, we can see that the reason why Sun Yat-sen put forward the Northern Expedition in 1922 was prompted by many factors. 1, after the impact of the Chinese political situation after 1911. After the Revolution of 1911, the two main contradictions in Chinese society were not resolved. At that time, the political characteristics in China were mainly as follows: (1) Yuan Shikai, the representative of the big caster’s major comprador class, steals the fruits of the Xinhai and establishes the counter-revolutionary regime of the Northern Warlords. Under the brutality of the bureaucratic arms headed by Yuan Shikai, the Republic of China is “the only remaining one.”