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目的:探讨甘蔗渣的资源化利用技术。方法:以甘蔗渣(或玉米秆)和牛粪为主要高温好氧堆肥原料,以菜籽粉、尿素和微生物菌剂为辅料,设不同甘蔗渣(或玉米秆)和牛粪堆制原料比例,研究了不同甘蔗渣和牛粪好氧堆肥的最佳配比。结果:结果表明,从有机肥的有机质、总养分和重金属等指标含量来看,不同比例的甘蔗渣物料配方和玉米秆物料配方处理的有机肥均达到了农业部有机肥质量标准要求。不同甘蔗渣(或玉米秆)和牛粪处理的总养分含量分别为6.88%、6.42%、7.28%和7.32%,腐殖酸含量差异较小。不同甘蔗渣(或玉米秆)和牛粪处理的铵态氮占速效氮比例分别为97.5%、96.7%、99.7%和99.7%,以甘蔗渣与牛粪配比处理的速效氮含量有随着甘蔗渣用量比例的增加而有下降趋势。不同甘蔗渣(或玉米秆)和牛粪堆制有机肥的重金属含量低,均不到限量标准的1/3。甘蔗渣与牛粪的干重比为5∶5和6∶4的两个配方处理的有机肥的大肠杆菌数量达标,甘蔗渣对真菌、细菌和放线菌的生长繁殖较玉米秸秆有一定的抑制作用。结论:甘蔗渣与牛粪配比干重比以5∶5或6∶4较适宜,能提高有机肥的速效性和安全性。
Objective: To explore the resource utilization of bagasse. Methods: Bagasse (or corn stalks) and cow dung were used as main high-temperature aerobic composting materials. Using rapeseed meal, urea and microbial agent as excipients, the proportion of raw materials of bagasse (or corn stalk) The best proportion of different bagasse and cow manure aerobic composting. Results: The results showed that organic fertilizer, organic matter, total nutrients and heavy metals and other indicators of content, different proportions of sugarcane bagasse material formula and corn stalk material formula processing organic fertilizer have reached the Ministry of Agriculture organic fertilizer quality standards. The total nutrient contents of different bagasse (or corn stalks) and cow dung were 6.88%, 6.42%, 7.28% and 7.32%, respectively, with little difference in humic acid content. The contents of available nitrogen in ammonium nitrogen treated by different bagasse (or corn stalks) and cow dung were 97.5%, 96.7%, 99.7% and 99.7%, respectively. The available nitrogen content of sugarcane bagasse The amount of slag increased the proportion of a downward trend. Different bagasse (or corn stalks) and cattle manure heap organic fertilizer low levels of heavy metals, are less than the limit of 1/3. Bagasse and cow dung’s dry weight ratio of 5: 5 and 6: 4 of the two organic fertilizer treatment formula E. coli, bagasse on the growth of fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes than corn stalks have a certain Inhibition. Conclusion: The ratio of dry weight of bagasse to cow dung is more suitable than 5: 5 or 6: 4, which can improve the quickness and safety of organic fertilizer.