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上个世纪80年代之后西方的多元文论逐渐消停,但其在我国高校教育中的巨大影响仍是处可见。西方马克思主义批评家特里·伊格尔顿在专著《理论之后》中对理论的反思给了我们一个提醒。笔者以近三十年我国的外国文学教学与研究中存在的一些问题实例,来讨论理论用于文学分析的利与弊。文学作品是人文思想和传统的重要载体,如何让文学教学更符合培养有人文学识和境界的人才目标,让理论成为深入而踏实地理解文本的有力工具,让文学遭遇了理论之后不是受到伤害,而是能够焕发出异样的光彩,是我们应当深入反省的问题。
Since the 1980s, the western multi-literary theory has gradually disappeared, but its great influence in higher education in our country still can be seen everywhere. The rethinking of the theory by the Western Marxist critic Terry Eagleton in his monograph After The Theory gave us a reminder. The author uses some examples of the problems in teaching and studying foreign literature in our country for nearly thirty years to discuss the pros and cons of using the theory for literary analysis. Literary works are an important carrier of humanistic thoughts and traditions. How to make literary teaching more in line with the goal of cultivating talents with humanities knowledge and realm, making theory become a powerful tool for understanding text deeply and practically, But it can radiate a remarkable glory, which we should thoroughly reflect on.