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基于农户可持续生计理论,以内蒙古包头市7个牧区生态移民安置区为研究对象,分析了生计转型背景下牧区生态移民生计困境。研究表明:生态移民呈现出冲击型脆弱性和结构型脆弱性,生态移民面临着较为复杂的生计转型困境,生态移民拥有较低的生计转型适应能力,生态移民具有较低的生计潜力。文章认为,为了促进生态移民在生计转型生计背景下的可持续发展,应该增强生态移民生计资本积累和培育、提高生态移民生计转型能力、建立和完善生态移民社会安全保护体系、倾听生态移民的声音、合理构建旨在促进生态移民实现顺利转型的产业体系。
Based on the theory of sustainable livelihood of peasant households, taking the seven ecological pastoral areas in Baotou, Inner Mongolia as the research object, the author analyzes the plight of ecological settlements in pastoral areas under the background of livelihood transformation. The results show that: the ecological immigration shows the impact vulnerability and the structural vulnerability, the ecological immigration faces the complicated transition difficulty of livelihood, the ecological immigration has a low ability to adapt to livelihood transformation, and the ecological immigration has a low potential for livelihood. The article believes that in order to promote the sustainable development of ecological immigrants in the context of livelihood transition, we should enhance the accumulation and cultivation of livelihood capital of ecological immigrants, improve the livelihood transformation capacity of ecological immigrants, establish and improve the social security protection system of ecological immigrants, and listen to the voice of ecological immigrants , And reasonably construct an industrial system that aims to promote the ecological transition to a smooth transition.