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目的通过分析犬、猫伤人事件的时间分布特点及与各气象要素的关系,为居民饲养宠物及防范自身安全提供参考。方法收集北京市某医院2008—2011年犬伤人(咬伤/抓伤)61 883例及2008—2009年猫伤人(咬伤/抓伤)1 878例的急诊就诊资料,与同期气象资料进行相关分析,并用逐步回归法建立犬、猫日伤人次数的预报方程。结果犬伤人次数的年分布曲线为单峰型,夏季最高,占总就诊人数的32.3%;春、秋季次之,分别占23.7%和25.5%;冬季最低,占18.6%。猫伤人事件在夏、秋季均处于高发期,分别占32.8%和30.2%;冬、春季为低发期,合计占37.0%。犬伤人次数与日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、相对湿度、降水量均呈正相关(r值分别为0.70,0.68,0.70,0.37,0.18,均P=0.000);与日平均气压、日最高气压、日最低气压、风速均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.59,-0.62,-0.57,-0.12,均P=0.000)。猫伤人次数与日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、相对湿度、日照时数均呈正相关(r值分别为0.303,0.296,0.318,0.237,0.097,均P=0.000);与日平均气压、日最高气压、日最低气压、风速均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.260,-0.268,-0.249,-0.084,均P=0.000)。结论犬、猫伤人次数可能与气象要素有关,应加强防范。
OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the residents to keep their pets and prevent their own safety by analyzing the time distribution characteristics of the wounds of dogs and cats and the relationship with the meteorological elements. Methods A total of 61 883 cases of canine wounds (bites / scratches) and 1,878 cases of cat wounds (scratches / scratches) from 2008 to 2011 in a hospital in Beijing were collected and compared with those of meteorological data Correlation analysis, and stepwise regression method to establish dogs, cats, the number of injuries forecasting equation. Results The annual distribution curve of canine injuries was unimodal, the highest in summer, accounting for 32.3% of the total number of visits; followed by spring and autumn, accounting for 23.7% and 25.5% respectively; the lowest in winter, accounting for 18.6%. Cat injuries in the summer and autumn are in high incidence period, accounting for 32.8% and 30.2% respectively; winter and spring low period, with a total of 37.0%. The number of dogs injured was positively correlated with the average daily temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, relative humidity and precipitation (r = 0.70,0.68,0.70,0.37,0.18, P = 0.000, respectively) (R = -0.59, -0.62, -0.57, -0.12, all P = 0.000) .There was a negative correlation between daily maximum pressure, daily minimum pressure and wind speed. There was a positive correlation between the number of cat injuries and the average daily temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours (r = 0.303,0.296,0.318,0.237,0.097, respectively, P = 0.000) Atmospheric pressure, daily maximum pressure, daily minimum pressure and wind speed were negatively correlated (r values were -0.260, -0.268, -0.249, -0.084, both P = 0.000). Conclusions The number of injuries to dogs and cats may be related to meteorological factors, and prevention should be strengthened.