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目的:了解云南农村育龄妇女孕前保健知识掌握情况及对其服务的利用。方法:采用自制调查问卷由经过统一培训的调查员逐个入户对育龄妇女进行调查,共回收有效问卷4313份。结果:80.0%以上的育龄妇女掌握了一些孕前保健的基本知识,50.9%的妇女孕前查询阅读过有关优生信息和资料,36.5%的妇女主动向医生进行遗传、优生咨询;24.8%的妇女做过孕前健康检查,所检查项目中,妇科检查、白带常规检查、血液常规检查、血型检查、尿液常规检查、妇科B超检查率分别为:42.2%、38.4%、36.8%、30.9%、34.8%、38.7%;抗HIV抗体检查、乙肝血清学检查、梅毒血清学检查率分别为:30.4%、28.9%、25.8%;TORCH、染色体检查率分别为:23.6%、1.0%。结论:农村育龄妇女虽然掌握了一些基本的孕前保健知识,但对其服务的利用率不高。基层妇幼保健及计划生育部门须进一步加强孕前保健的健康教育与健康促进,促进广大育龄妇女主动接受孕前保健服务。
Objective: To understand the prenatal care knowledge of rural women of childbearing age in Yunnan and their utilization of services. Methods: Using self-made questionnaires, investigators from uniform training conducted one-on-one surveys on women of childbearing age and collected 4,313 valid questionnaires. Results: More than 80.0% of women of childbearing age have mastered some basic knowledge of prenatal care, 50.9% of women have read about eugenics information and information before pregnancy, 36.5% of women take the initiative to carry out genetic and eugenic counseling to doctors, and 24.8% of women do Pre-pregnancy health examination, gynecological examination, leucorrhea routine examination, blood routine examination, blood type examination, urine routine examination, gynecological B-ultrasound examination rates were: 42.2%, 38.4%, 36.8%, 30.9%, 34.8% , 38.7%. The anti-HIV antibody test, hepatitis B serology test and syphilis serological test rate were 30.4%, 28.9% and 25.8% respectively; TORCH and chromosomal examination rates were 23.6% and 1.0% respectively. Conclusion: Although women of childbearing age in rural areas have some basic knowledge of prenatal care, their service utilization rate is not high. The MCH and family planning departments at the grassroots level should further strengthen the health education and health promotion of prenatal care and promote the prenatal care services of women of childbearing age on their own initiative.