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目的探讨糖尿病性下肢动脉粥样硬化闭塞症(PAD)超声影像学特点及相关影响因素。方法纳入经超声诊断并经血管造影证实的PAD患者220例,分成糖尿病组(DM)和非糖尿病组(N-DM),分析两组患者斑块特征、病变特点及糖尿病组病变的相关危险因素。结果 DM组患者不规则型斑块、钙化性斑块比例高于N-DM组;DM组病变长度、TASCII C/D型病变所占比例、膝下流出道评分均高于N-DM组(P<0.05)。DM组合并吸烟组不规则型斑块、钙化性斑块比例与DM组未合并吸烟组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论彩色多普勒超声在下肢动脉病变特征的研究中有很高的临床价值。糖尿病是PAD主要的危险因素;吸烟对糖尿病性下肢动脉病变有重要的影响作用。
Objective To investigate the imaging features and related factors of diabetic lower extremity atherosclerosis obliterans (PAD). Methods 220 patients with PAD confirmed by angiography and ultrasound were divided into two groups: diabetic group (DM) and non-diabetic group (N-DM). The plaque characteristics, pathological features and risk factors of diabetic group were analyzed . Results The proportion of irregular plaque and calcified plaque in DM group was higher than that in N-DM group. The length of lesion in DM group, the proportion of TASCII C / D lesions and the outflow tract in knee were higher than those in N-DM group (P <0.05). There were significant differences in the proportion of irregular plaque and calcified plaque among DM group and smoking group and DM group without smoking group (P <0.001). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound in the study of the characteristics of lower extremity arterial disease has a high clinical value. Diabetes mellitus is the main risk factor of PAD. Smoking has an important effect on arterial disease of diabetic lower extremities.