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以杂交籼稻F优498为材料,设氮、钾不同施用时期配比处理,其中氮素处理基、蘖、促花、保花肥比例分别为:5:3:1:1(N1)、3:3:2:2(N2)、3:1:3:3(N3)、N0(不施氮)4个处理;钾素基、蘖、促花、保花肥比例10:0:0:0(K1)、7:0:3:0(K2)、3:0:7:0(K3)、K0(不施钾)4个处理,研究不同时期氮钾配施方式对水稻产量形成的影响。结果表明,不同的氮肥运筹条件下对应产量最高分别是N1K1、N2K3和N3K2处理,其中以N3K2处理产量最高,各氮肥运筹中提高后期施钾比例均能够提高水稻的成穗率和有效穗数,在N2、N3条件下提高后期钾肥施用比例能够提高总颖花量;适当减少前期施钾比例有利于拔节期干物质的积累,N1、N2条件下K1处理和N3条件下K3处理能够提高齐穗后干物质积累量和比例;N1条件下,与K2、K3处理相比,K1虽然齐穗期上3叶的LAI和齐穗后剑叶SPAD值较低,但其齐穗后剑叶的Pn值优势显著,产量更高;N2、N3条件下,K1虽然延缓齐穗后剑叶SPAD和Pn值的下降速度,但由于齐穗期上3叶的LAI较小,导致其产量低于K2、K3处理。
The hybrid rice F You 498 was used as material, and the ratio of N, K, K, N and K was set as 5: 3: 1: 1 (N1) 4 treatments of 3: 2: 2 (N2), 3: 1: 3: 3 (N3) and N0 K1, K: 0, K2: 3, K: 0, K2: K3, K0 (without potassium application) were used to study the effects of different combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on the yield of rice. The results showed that N1K1, N2K3 and N3K2 were the highest yield under different N application conditions, and N3K2 treatment had the highest yield. Increasing the proportion of potassium application in late stage of N fertilizer application could increase the spike rate and effective panicle number of rice, Under the condition of N2 and N3, increasing the proportion of late-stage potash fertilizer can increase the total amount of spikelet. Appropriately reducing the proportion of potassium applied at the early stage was conducive to the accumulation of dry matter at jointing stage. Under N1 and N2 treatments and K3 treatment under N3 condition, Compared with K2 and K3 treatments, K1 had a lower LAI and a lower SPAD value in flag leaf after heading, but Pn While N_2 and N_3 could delay the decline of SPAD and Pn values of flag leaves after heading, but the LAI of the 3 leaves at heading stage was lower, K3 treatment.