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【摘要】目的:研究医学生抑郁情绪与各项心理症状的相关性,并对影响心理健康的有关因素进行探讨。 方法:以症状自评量表( Symptom checklist-90,SCL-90)、自评抑郁量表(Self-rating depression scale,SDS)为评价工具,采用整群抽样方法,选取山东第一医科大学1261名医学本科在校生进行问卷调查,分析抑郁症状的发生率及分布特征。 结果:医学生抑郁发生率为17.8%,男生(16.5%)女生(18.5%),明显高于一般人群的5%~6%。抑郁组患者SCL-90评分明显高于非抑郁组,且抑郁障碍组患者SDS评分与SCL-90评分呈正相关(r=0.746,P<0.01)。结论:抑郁情绪与医学生所处心理状态相关,处于抑郁状态的医学生往往存在其他心理障碍。医学生抑郁检出率较高,有关部门应加强对学生的心理督导,促进医学生的精神健康,从而预防抑郁的发生
【关键词】医学生;心理健康;抑郁;症状自评量表;抑郁自评量表
基金项目:山东省大学生创新创业训练计划(编号:S202010439116)。
中图分类号: 文献标识码:B
【Abstract】 Objective To study the correlation between medical students’ depression and various psychological symptoms, and to explore the factors that affect their mental health.Methods Using the Symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) as evaluation tools, a cluster sampling method was used to investigate the incidence of depressive symptoms and distribution characteristics of 1261 medical students in Shandong First Medical University. Results The incidence of depression in medical students was 17.8%, boys (16.5%) and girls (18.5%), which was obviously higher than the general population 5%~6%. The SCL-90 score of the depression group was significantly higher than that of the non-depression group. The SDS score and SCL-90 score of patients in the depression group were positively correlated. Conclusion Depression is related to the psychological state of medical students, and medical students in a depressed state often have other psychological disorders. The depression status of medical students is very serious,suggeststhat the relevant departments should strengthen the psychological supervision of students and promote the mental health of medical students, which might help depression prevention.
【Key words】Medical college students Mental health Depression Symptom checklist-90 Self-rating depression scale
前言
抑郁癥属于一种心境障碍,它会令人失去生活的兴趣和快乐,意志活动减退,睡眠或食欲紊乱,产生内疚感或自我价值感低,甚至出现不同程度的躯体症状和认知功能损害。世界卫生组织报道,全球抑郁症和恶劣心境者患病率高达12.8%,并预测截至2020年抑郁症会成为全球仅次于心脏病的第二大医疗疾病。当前,中国抑郁症患病率逐年增高,大约有超过4000万人患病,超过70%的患者没有得到及时的治疗,其中包括众多患有抑郁症的大学生。大学生在生理上还普遍属于青春期后期,处于青春期到成人期的过渡阶段,心智发育不够成熟,是抑郁的高发群体之一。目前,我国大学生抑郁发生率不仅已经超过全球大学生群体抑郁发生的平均基线水平,甚至仍处于增长态势。
有研究表明,医学生作为特殊的学生群体,其幸福感相对较低,这可能是由于医学课程、生活、就业压力与其他大学生的较大差异,医学生常表现为心理压力较大、人际交往能力较差,从而诱发一系列精神问题。同时医学生学习专业课后,容易对自己及家人、朋友的健康产生担心,很容易精神失衡,造成额外精神负担。目前有关医学生心理健康与抑郁情绪关系的研究讨论较少,本文用SCL-90、SDS调查1261名医学生,旨在探讨在学习压力和人际关系等因素的影响下,医学生抑郁情绪与心理健康之间的关系,为医学生的心理健康问题的预防和改善提供启发。
1对象与方法
【关键词】医学生;心理健康;抑郁;症状自评量表;抑郁自评量表
基金项目:山东省大学生创新创业训练计划(编号:S202010439116)。
中图分类号: 文献标识码:B
【Abstract】 Objective To study the correlation between medical students’ depression and various psychological symptoms, and to explore the factors that affect their mental health.Methods Using the Symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) as evaluation tools, a cluster sampling method was used to investigate the incidence of depressive symptoms and distribution characteristics of 1261 medical students in Shandong First Medical University. Results The incidence of depression in medical students was 17.8%, boys (16.5%) and girls (18.5%), which was obviously higher than the general population 5%~6%. The SCL-90 score of the depression group was significantly higher than that of the non-depression group. The SDS score and SCL-90 score of patients in the depression group were positively correlated. Conclusion Depression is related to the psychological state of medical students, and medical students in a depressed state often have other psychological disorders. The depression status of medical students is very serious,suggeststhat the relevant departments should strengthen the psychological supervision of students and promote the mental health of medical students, which might help depression prevention.
【Key words】Medical college students Mental health Depression Symptom checklist-90 Self-rating depression scale
前言
抑郁癥属于一种心境障碍,它会令人失去生活的兴趣和快乐,意志活动减退,睡眠或食欲紊乱,产生内疚感或自我价值感低,甚至出现不同程度的躯体症状和认知功能损害。世界卫生组织报道,全球抑郁症和恶劣心境者患病率高达12.8%,并预测截至2020年抑郁症会成为全球仅次于心脏病的第二大医疗疾病。当前,中国抑郁症患病率逐年增高,大约有超过4000万人患病,超过70%的患者没有得到及时的治疗,其中包括众多患有抑郁症的大学生。大学生在生理上还普遍属于青春期后期,处于青春期到成人期的过渡阶段,心智发育不够成熟,是抑郁的高发群体之一。目前,我国大学生抑郁发生率不仅已经超过全球大学生群体抑郁发生的平均基线水平,甚至仍处于增长态势。
有研究表明,医学生作为特殊的学生群体,其幸福感相对较低,这可能是由于医学课程、生活、就业压力与其他大学生的较大差异,医学生常表现为心理压力较大、人际交往能力较差,从而诱发一系列精神问题。同时医学生学习专业课后,容易对自己及家人、朋友的健康产生担心,很容易精神失衡,造成额外精神负担。目前有关医学生心理健康与抑郁情绪关系的研究讨论较少,本文用SCL-90、SDS调查1261名医学生,旨在探讨在学习压力和人际关系等因素的影响下,医学生抑郁情绪与心理健康之间的关系,为医学生的心理健康问题的预防和改善提供启发。
1对象与方法