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[目的]探讨中国人正常股骨髓腔近端解剖特点,研究股骨形态学参数影响因素,为设计更适合国人特点的假体提供解剖依据。[方法]选取本院2009年1月~2015年8月诊断为骨性关节炎、股骨头无菌性坏死行初次全髋关节置换的患者共502人(572髋),术前拍摄患肢标准髋关节正侧位X线片,应用PACS医学图像处理系统测量股骨近端解剖参数。对比中国人与西方人股骨近端解剖参数差异,应用多元线性回归分析性别、年龄、身高、体重、是否饮酒对股骨近端髓腔解剖结构的影响。[结果]本组国人正常股骨髓腔近端解剖参数与Noble测量欧美人种的解剖参数均有差异。年龄、长期饮酒史对髓腔形态影响具有统计学意义。[结论]建立股骨近端解剖参数数据库,并设计出符合国人解剖特点的股骨侧假体是十分重要的。种族、年龄、长期饮酒史等因素需纳入假体柄设计的过程中。
[Objective] To explore the anatomical characteristics of proximal femur of normal femurs in China, to study the influencing factors of femoral morphological parameters and to provide anatomical basis for the design of prosthesis which is more suitable for Chinese people. [Methods] A total of 502 patients (572 hips) undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty diagnosed as osteoarthritis and aseptic necrosis of femoral head from January 2009 to August 2015 in our hospital were selected. Hip joint posterior X-ray film, the application of PACS medical image processing system measurement of proximal femoral anatomical parameters. By comparing the anatomical parameters of proximal femur between Chinese and Westerners, multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the effects of sex, age, height, weight, and alcohol consumption on the anatomy of proximal femoral canal. [Results] The anatomic parameters of proximal femur of normal femur in this group were different from those of Noble in European and American human race. Age, long-term drinking history of the shape of the medullary cavity was statistically significant. [Conclusion] It is very important to establish the proximal femur anatomic parameter database and design the femoral prosthesis conforming to the anatomic features of Chinese people. Race, age, long-term drinking history and other factors need to be included in the process of prosthesis design.