子宫内膜在子宫以外的部位生长称子宫内膜异位症(外在性子宫内膜异位症),多见于卵巢及盆腔。本症好发于生育年龄前半期,是造成不妊的重要原因。治疗的目的不但要解除症状,而且要恢复生育机能。本文着重介绍对本症的保存性手术治疗。一、卵巢子宫内膜异位症的病理卵巢是本症最好发部位。最初多于卵巢系膜对侧可见散在1～3 mm 大小肉芽状组织突出于卵巢表面,而后埋没于卵巢皮质内,呈紫兰色小点(血肿),以此为中心有放射状血管增生及粘连。其间有活力很强的子宫内膜组织。随着病变发展,血肿渐增大,血肿间隔破裂而形成单房性内含陈旧性月经血的巧克力囊肿。该囊肿壁由卵巢皮质形成,与周围紧密粘连。经血进一步蓄积,压迫内膜 Endometrial growth outside the uterus is called endometriosis (external endometriosis), more common in the ovary and pelvic. The disease occurs in the first half of the reproductive age, is an important cause of infertility. The purpose of treatment not only to relieve symptoms, but also to restore fertility. This article focuses on the preservation of the surgical treatment of this disease. First, the pathological ovarian endometriosis Ovarian disease is the best site of the disease. Initially more than the ovarian mesangial contralateral visible loose 1-3 mm in size granulation tissue prominent in the ovarian surface, and then buried in the ovarian cortex, purple brown spots (hematoma), as the center of radial vascular proliferation and adhesion . During which there is a strong vitality of endometrial tissue. With the development of lesions, hematoma gradually increased, hematoma interval rupture and the formation of a single room containing the old menstrual blood chocolate cysts. The cyst wall is formed by the ovarian cortex, closely adhering to the surroundings. Blood further accumulation, oppression of the lining