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[目的]比较新川中岛和艳红桃2个桃品种的生物学性状,以期为筛选出适应贵州省气候特点的优良桃树品种提高依据。[方法]连续3年(2011～2013)调查新川中岛、艳红桃2个在当地表现较好的引进桃树品种的物候期、植物学特性、经济性状和抗逆性等内容,并进行比较筛选。[结果]2个桃品种在当地科学管理条件下,从综合比较结果看,新川中岛和艳红桃的树势分别表现为较强和强,枝条萌芽率分别为55.82%和55.81%,成枝率分别为28.39%和23.26%,叶片大小分别为17.1 cm×4.2 cm和19.5 cm×5.0 cm,花的大小为4.8cm×4.7 cm和4.8 cm×4.9 cm,座果率分别为43.19%和26.66%,成熟期分别为7月中下旬、7月下旬～8月上旬,平均单果重分别为195.5和216.9 g,含糖量分别为13.5%和15.8%,单株产量分别为41.3和43.1 kg,果实可食率分别为94.35%和93.81%,都表现为适应性强。[结论]从综合比较结果看,新川中岛品种表现很好,艳红桃品种表现较好,适合在该地区适量发展。
[Objective] The study aimed to compare the biological characteristics of two peach cultivars in the new Chuanzhong Island and Yanhong Peach, in order to improve the basis for screening excellent peach varieties suitable for the climatic characteristics of Guizhou Province. [Method] The phenophase, botanical characteristics, economic traits and stress resistance of two introduced peach cultivars in Xinchuan Nakajima and Yanhong Peach were investigated for three consecutive years (2011 ~ 2013) Compare the screening. [Result] Under the scientific management conditions of the two peach cultivars, the tree shrouds of Xinchuan Nakajima and Yanhong Peach showed stronger and stronger branches respectively, the shoot germination rates were 55.82% and 55.81% respectively The branch rates were 28.39% and 23.26%, respectively. The leaf sizes were 17.1 cm × 4.2 cm and 19.5 cm × 5.0 cm respectively. The flower size was 4.8 cm × 4.7 cm and 4.8 cm × 4.9 cm. The fruit set rates were 43.19% 26.66% respectively. The average mature fruit weight was 195.5 and 216.9 g in the late July and early August, respectively, and the sugar content was 13.5% and 15.8% respectively. The yield per plant was 41.3 and 43.1 kg , The edible rate of fruit was 94.35% and 93.81% respectively, all showed strong adaptability. [Conclusion] The results of comprehensive comparison showed that the species of Sinchuan Nakajima performed well, and the species of Yanhong Peach performed better and suitable for the proper development in this area.