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监测流域水储量的变化对研究流域水资源变化和水平衡具有重要意义,而GRACE重力卫星为流域尺度水储量变化的研究提供了新的手段.本文利用2003-2012年近十年来洞庭湖流域GRACE RL05时变重力场数据并结合30个气象站点的降水量数据,反演洞庭湖流域水储量时空变化特征及其与降水量之间的联系,并采取趋势分析法,揭示了该流域近10年来水储量变化趋势.结果表明:在空间上,洞庭湖流域水储量变化呈现总体从东北向西南递减格局.在时间上,水储量变化与降水量变化之间存在明显的季节性变化规律,两者变化过程基本一致,但水储量变化峰值出现滞后于降水量峰值一个月左右.近十年来洞庭湖流域水储量整体呈逐年上升趋势,平均每月上升0.5 mm,其中秋季增加幅度最大,为26.07 mm·a-1,全球变暖,降水量增加,导致该流域水储量变化增大.
Monitoring the change of water storage in the basin is of great significance for studying the water resource changes and water balance in the basin, and the GRACE gravity satellite provides a new method for the study of the scale water reserves change in the basin.In this paper, RL05 time-varying gravitational field data and precipitation data of 30 meteorological stations, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of water storage in the Dongting Lake basin and its correlation with precipitation were analyzed. The tendency analysis method was used to reveal the water quality of the basin over the past 10 years The results show that: in space, the change of water reserves in Dongting Lake basin presents a decreasing pattern from northeast to southwest, and there is a clear seasonal variation between the change of water storage and precipitation in time The change process is basically the same, but the peak value of water reserves lags behind the peak value of precipitation for a month or so. The water storage in the Dongting Lake basin has been increasing year by year in the recent ten years, with an average monthly increase of 0.5 mm, with the largest increase in autumn being 26.07 mm · A-1, global warming, increased precipitation, resulting in increased changes in the water reserves of the basin.