目的：探讨不同细胞因子组合定向诱导ＣＤ３４＋细胞向红系、粒系、巨核系及树突状细胞（ＤＣ）分化的能力。方法：利用免疫磁珠法（ＭＡＣＳ）分离纯化脐血ＣＤ３４＋细胞，在液体培养体系中经不同细胞因子组合的诱导，检测各系祖细胞及ＤＣ的扩增倍数。结果：干细胞因子、白细胞介素（ＩＬ）３、ＩＬ６、粒巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭＣＳＦ）、粒细胞集落刺激因子、红细胞生成素、血小板生成素的不同组合，可使红系、粒系或巨核系细胞优势生长，其祖细胞可分别被扩增１４．９７±２．８９，１４．４６±３．１９及３４．６７±４．６２倍，ＣＤ４１ａ＋细胞增加了１７．２９±２．３４倍，ＦＬＴ３配基＋ＧＭＣＳＦ＋ＩＬ４＋肿瘤坏死因子α的组合可诱导ＣＤ３４＋细胞形成大量树突状细胞，ＣＤ１ａ＋细胞的比例增至２４．２８％±２．１４％（对照组为０．３６％±０．２８％）。结论：不同细胞因子组合可定向诱导ＣＤ３４＋细胞向红系、粒系、巨核系及树突状细胞分化，这在造血调控研究、造血细胞支持治疗及肿瘤免疫治疗中具有广阔的应用前景 Objective: To investigate the ability of CD34 + cells to differentiate into erythroid, granulocytic, megakaryocytic and dendritic cells (DCs) with different combinations of cytokines. Methods: The cord blood CD34 + cells were isolated and purified by immunomagnetic beads method (MACS). The multiplication of DCs was detected by different combinations of cytokines in liquid culture system. Results: Different combinations of stem cell factor, interleukin (IL)  3, IL6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), granulocyte colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin and thrombopoietin The erythroid, granulocytic or megakaryocytic dominant cell growth, its progenitor cells were amplified by 14.97 ± 2.89, 14.46 ± 3.19 and 34.67 ± 4.62 times, CD41a + cells increased 17.29 ± 2.34 fold, FLT  3 ligand + GM  CSF + IL  4 + tumor necrosis factor α combination can induce CD34 + cells to form a large number of dendritic cells, CD1a + cell ratio increased to 24.28% ± 2.14 % (Control group 0.36% ± 0.28%). CONCLUSION: Different combinations of cytokines can induce CD34 + cells to differentiate into erythroid, granulocytic, megakaryocyte and dendritic cells, which has broad application prospects in hematopoietic regulation, hematopoietic cell supporting therapy and tumor immunotherapy