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大气密度模型对以载人飞船为代表的低轨航天器精密定轨及轨道预报有很大影响。在载人航天工程中使用的大气密度模型对于地磁指数和太阳辐射流量的输入有两种方式,即输入固定值和输入分段值。利用MSIS90模型,通过天宫一号目标飞行器的轨道数据分析对比了不同参数输入方式,不同数据长度以及不同地磁指数对定轨和轨道预报的影响。结果表明,数据弧段短且地磁变化不大时,输入固定值的方式获得的轨道预报精度较高;长弧段定轨和长期轨道预报的场合下输入分段值的方式预报精度高,稳定性好,适用范围广,操作更简单。
The atmospheric density model has a great influence on the precision orbit determination and orbit prediction of low-orbit spacecraft represented by manned spacecraft. Atmospheric Density Models Used in Manned Space Engineering There are two ways to input geomagnetic index and solar radiation flux, that is, input fixed values and input segmentation values. Using the MSIS90 model, the effects of different parameters, different data lengths and different geomagnetic indices on the orbit determination and orbit prediction are analyzed by using orbit data analysis of Tiangong-1 target aircraft. The results show that when the data arc is short and the geomagnetic variation is not large, the accuracy of orbit prediction obtained by the input of fixed value is high. The method of inputting the segmentation value under the condition of long arc orbit prediction and long-term orbit prediction has high prediction accuracy and good stability Wide range of applications, the operation is more simple.