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Women from Xiamacheng Community in Hangzhou， capital of east China’s Zhejiang Province， walk around the West Lake on March 5.
Data from health authorities show that the life expectancy of Chinese women has increased from 73.33 years in 2000 to 77.37 years in 2013. Maternal death was reduced in the period to 23.2 in every 100，000 women， down 56.2 percent from that of 2000.
Water Pollution
Nearly 60 percent of areas in China that were surveyed were found to have a“very poor” or “relatively poor” quality of underground water last year， a new report showed on April 22.
Among the 4，778 spots across 203 cities that were investigated by the Ministry of Land and Resources， underground water quality was ranked“relatively poor” in 43.9 percent of them and “very poor” in another 15.7 percent last year， according to the report， which is released by the ministry annually.
According to China’s underground water standards， water of relatively poor quality can only be used for drinking after proper treatment. Water of very poor quality cannot be used as a source of drinking water.
The result means 59.6 percent of underground water could not be directly drunk last year， up from 57.4 percent from 2012.
On a year-by-year basis， water quality became worse in 754 monitored spots， but improved in 647 areas.
More Patents
On April 22， China’s State Intellectual Property Office （SIPO） said the country accepted a larger proportion of invention patent applications in 2013.
Shen Changyu， head of the SIPO， said China accepted 2.38 million patent applications and authorized 1.31 million of the cases last year. The number of patent applications for inventions reached 825，000， up 26.3 percent year on year.
It is the first time in five years that invention patent applications took up more than one third of the three types of applications， Shen commented at a press conference. The other two types are utility models and design.
China ranked third in international patent applications to the Patent Cooperation Treaty， with more than 20，000 submissions last year.
Less Poverty
The number of impoverished people in rural areas of ethnic minority- inhabited regions decreased by 5.59 million in 2013， China’s State Ethnic Affairs Commission （SEAC） said on April 21.
The commission released a statement， saying there were 25.62 million people living in poverty in eight ethnic minority-inhabited provincial-level regions last year. The regions were Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region， Tibet Autonomous Region， Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region， Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， and the provinces of Guizhou， Yunnan and Qinghai.
About 17.1 percent of people in rural areas of the eight regions live in poverty， 8.6 percentage points higher than the whole country， according to the report.
Poor people in the rural areas of Guangxi， Guizhou and Yunnan account for almost 80 percent of the total in the eight regions， and about a quarter of the total number of poor people in rural areas across the whole country.
Animal Conservation
A draft interpretation of China’s Criminal Law， tabled for reading on April 21， aims to clear up ambiguities by clearly defining the eating of endangered wild animals， or buying them for other purposes， as illegal.
The bill was submitted for first reading by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress （NPC）， China’s top legislature， at its bi-monthly session from April 21 to 24.
The eating of rare animals is not only bad social conduct but also a major reason why illegal hunting has not been stopped despite repeated crackdowns， said Lang Sheng， deputy head of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee， when elaborating on the bill to lawmakers.
Currently， 420 species of wild animals are considered rare or endangered by the Chinese Government. They include giant pandas， golden monkeys， Asian black bears and pangolins.
According to the bill， anyone who eats listed animals or buys them for other purposes， will be consid-
ered as breaking the law and will be sentenced to prison term of five to 10 years， depending on the degree of their offence.
Natural Gas Supply
China will raise its natural gas supply to as much as 420 billion cubic meters per year by 2020 amid rising demand due to urbanization， a government statement said on April 23.
The increased supply will cater to the rising demand for natural gas in people’s daily lives， schools， nursing homes， home heating， as well as in buses and taxis， a statement on the Central Government website said.
The supply increase is also driven by the nation’s efforts to mitigate air pollution stemming from an overreliance on coal， the statement said.
To expand natural gas production， investment in gas storage facilities as well as their construction and operation will be open to all market players， the statement said. Meanwhile， companies will also have the option to issue bonds to raise capital for the construction of storage facilities. The government will offer favorable land policies for storage facility projects， the statement said.
Data showed that natural gas consumption in China hit nearly 170 billion cubic meters in 2013.
Glacier Protection
A protected area will be marked out in an attempt to arrest the shrinking of Glacier No. 1 in the Tianshan Mountains of northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， authorities said on April 23.
All mining sites in the 948-sqaurekm protection zone will be shut down within three to five years， and the regional government will restrict vehicles on a national highway section near the zone and ban tourists from entering it.
The regional government has established a leading team for the construction of the area， where grazing will also be restricted. China has 46，377 glaciers， with 18，311 located in Xinjiang. The autonomous region’s glacier melt water accounts for about 25 to 30 percent of its surface run-off， and the thawing of the glaciers could have a disastrous effect on the region， according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Dragon World
A live show imitating the scenes from the movie How To Train Your Dragon preform a costume rehearsal in Beijing on April 21. The show will go on the stage of National Stadium in the capital on May 30
Green Oasis
Fengshuiliang Town， which was built in the Kubuqi Desert in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， has grown itself into an island of green amongst the sands.
Kubuqi is the country’s seventh biggest desert and suffers from frequent sandstorms and droughts.
With support of the local government and enterprises， the Kubuqi Desert， which used to be barren and sandstorm-stricken， is expected to become a green oasis.
Researchers will evaluate the desert’s ecology and try to spread successful desert control initiatives to other countries， according to the United Nations Environment Programme.
Reserve Ratio Cut
China’s central bank cut the reserve requirement ratio for county-level rural commercial banks and rural credit cooperative unions on April 25 to help increase the flow of credit.
The ratio for county-level rural commercial lenders was trimmed by 2 percentage points and that for rural credit cooperatives was cut by 0.5 percentage points. The adjustment will help enhance financial support for rural development and guide credit flow to rural areas， the People’s Bank of China said in an online statement.
However， the central bank did not say how much capital could be freed by cutting the ratio.
More Autonomy
China’s State Council announced on April 24 that the country will reduce the government’s power in terms of administrative approval for companies’investment projects.
Investment projects will only need to be registered instead of being approved if they can be effectively managed through economic measures and laws in sectors with sufficient competition and where companies have measures for self-regulation， a statement on the Central Government’s website said.
Allowing companies’ autonomy in investment is a necessity in balancing the roles of the government and the market， as well as an important move in utilizing the pivotal role of investment， boosting restructuring through reforms， and maintaining the stable growth of the economy， the statement said.
Private Capital
China announced 80 major public infrastructure projects on April 24， experimenting with wider access for private and overseas investors.
The decision was made at a State Council executive meeting， the second meeting in a month to focus on infrastructure investment.
The projects will cover railway and harbor construction， new infrastructure needed by the area of information technology， major clean energy projects such as hydropower， wind power and photovoltaic power， as well as modernization projects in oil and gas and chemical industries.
It has been expected that overseas investors are likely to benefit from the new infrastructure investment program along with domestic private-sector investors.
The State Council said private investment will be encouraged to enter fields that are “monopolistic in nature”or those that “used to be dominated by government investment and Stateowned enterprises.”
The State Council also decided that oil and gas exploration， public utilities， water resources projects and airport construction will be the next to open to private-sector investment.
Illegal Fund Raising
China will strengthen its efforts in cracking down on illegal fund-raising activities after an increase in such practices last year， a senior legal official said on April 22.
Public security departments prosecuted 3，700 illegal fund-raising cases in 2013， said Liu Zhangjun， Director General of the Office of the Interagency Anti-Illegal Fund-Raising Taskforce， at a press conference in Beijing. The official said authorities had helped investors recover more than 6.4 billion yuan （$1.04 billion） of lenders’losses last year.
“Currently we are faced with severe challenges. The numbers of illegal fund-raising cases， total funds raised and those involved remain at high levels，” said Liu.
Illegal fund-raising comes in different forms， such as by offering false wealth management products， valueless commemorative coins， stamps and currency notes， as well as the sale of sham stocks by self-proclaimed private banks to investors.
Revitalizing the Silk Road
Loaded with electronic products， a Wuhan-Xinjiang-Europe freight train sets off from Wuhan， capital of central China’s Hubei Province. It will cross the border at the Alataw Pass of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， run across Kazakhstan， Russia and the Republic of Belarus and finally arrive at Lodz， Poland.
After being suspended for one and a half years， the freight train resumed operations on April 23.
Meanwhile， online peer-to-peer（P2P） business has also become an area where illegal fund-raising occurs， along with the rising popularity of Internet finance in the country， Liu said. Authorities will enhance crackdown efforts against fraudulent advertisements while educating the public on risks.
Invigorating Investment
An introductory event is jointly held in Beijing for the 18th China International Fair for Investment and Trade by the Ministry of Commerce and the organizing committee on April 24
FTZ Rules Submitted
Much-anticipated operational rules for the China （Shanghai） Pilot Free Trade Zone （FTZ）， awaiting approval by local legislators， are expected to come into force in the second half of 2014 and lay a legal foundation for further reform. Under the draft， the rules will take effect on August 1.
Jiang Sixian， Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress， told a forum in April that the new rules will be passed by the end of June. As a comprehensive framework， they will cover issues such as investment， trade， finance， tax and the legal environment. They also will legalize reforms already in place， such as removal of the foreign currency deposit rate and permission for offshore accounts in the FTZ.
Innovations adopted by the FTZ such as a “negative list” management approach for foreign investment， designed to bring about more transparency and freedom， also will be incorporated. Tax Reduction
Chinese small businesses eligible for a tax break may enjoy the policy directly without an approval， according to China’s taxation authority.
The State Administration of Taxation （SAT） said in a statement on April 24 that small firms with annual taxable income under 100，000 yuan（$16，030） may have their business income tax halved without approvals.
In early April， China rolled out the tax break， which is valid from January 1 this year until the end of 2016， shortly after a State Council executive meeting， at which the government announced an economic package to address downward pressure.
“Eligible firms are only required to put their financial conditions on record at local taxation authorities， even though the firms have no complete accounting books，” said the SAT statement. Those that had paid business income tax fully before April 8 can get refunds， according to the statement.
Small and micro firms serve as the foundation for continuous and steady economic growth， according to SAT. By the end of 2013， there were about 11.7 million small and micro companies in China， accounting for 76.6 percent of the total number of firms in the country.
Urbanization Up
China will enhance reforms in the management of population data， land， funding guarantees， housing and environmental protection to boost the urbanization process.
Xu Shaoshi， Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission（NDRC）， said on April 19 that the rapid urbanization process in China has created problems， such as a huge population transfer from rural to urban areas and low efficiency in urban land use.
The work in population management will accelerate household registration system reform， improve basic public services and build a nationwide population database， Xu said.
The standard of urban land use and planning will be strictly complied with， while the NDRC will explore incentives for increasing and redeveloping urban construction land.
Fiscal and tax reforms will balance government financial resources with public service duties and attract more social capital for city construction through a transparent investment and financing mechanism and healthy bond issuance system， Xu said.
More affordable housing will be provided for basic housing requirements， while the market will play a bigger role in satisfying different consumption needs， according to the NDRC.
Meanwhile， the NDRC will continue to improve ecological urban design and industrial structure with stricter regulations on environmental protection in order to upgrade green development.
Data from health authorities show that the life expectancy of Chinese women has increased from 73.33 years in 2000 to 77.37 years in 2013. Maternal death was reduced in the period to 23.2 in every 100，000 women， down 56.2 percent from that of 2000.
Water Pollution
Nearly 60 percent of areas in China that were surveyed were found to have a“very poor” or “relatively poor” quality of underground water last year， a new report showed on April 22.
Among the 4，778 spots across 203 cities that were investigated by the Ministry of Land and Resources， underground water quality was ranked“relatively poor” in 43.9 percent of them and “very poor” in another 15.7 percent last year， according to the report， which is released by the ministry annually.
According to China’s underground water standards， water of relatively poor quality can only be used for drinking after proper treatment. Water of very poor quality cannot be used as a source of drinking water.
The result means 59.6 percent of underground water could not be directly drunk last year， up from 57.4 percent from 2012.
On a year-by-year basis， water quality became worse in 754 monitored spots， but improved in 647 areas.
More Patents
On April 22， China’s State Intellectual Property Office （SIPO） said the country accepted a larger proportion of invention patent applications in 2013.
Shen Changyu， head of the SIPO， said China accepted 2.38 million patent applications and authorized 1.31 million of the cases last year. The number of patent applications for inventions reached 825，000， up 26.3 percent year on year.
It is the first time in five years that invention patent applications took up more than one third of the three types of applications， Shen commented at a press conference. The other two types are utility models and design.
China ranked third in international patent applications to the Patent Cooperation Treaty， with more than 20，000 submissions last year.
Less Poverty
The number of impoverished people in rural areas of ethnic minority- inhabited regions decreased by 5.59 million in 2013， China’s State Ethnic Affairs Commission （SEAC） said on April 21.
The commission released a statement， saying there were 25.62 million people living in poverty in eight ethnic minority-inhabited provincial-level regions last year. The regions were Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region， Tibet Autonomous Region， Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region， Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， and the provinces of Guizhou， Yunnan and Qinghai.
About 17.1 percent of people in rural areas of the eight regions live in poverty， 8.6 percentage points higher than the whole country， according to the report.
Poor people in the rural areas of Guangxi， Guizhou and Yunnan account for almost 80 percent of the total in the eight regions， and about a quarter of the total number of poor people in rural areas across the whole country.
Animal Conservation
A draft interpretation of China’s Criminal Law， tabled for reading on April 21， aims to clear up ambiguities by clearly defining the eating of endangered wild animals， or buying them for other purposes， as illegal.
The bill was submitted for first reading by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress （NPC）， China’s top legislature， at its bi-monthly session from April 21 to 24.
The eating of rare animals is not only bad social conduct but also a major reason why illegal hunting has not been stopped despite repeated crackdowns， said Lang Sheng， deputy head of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee， when elaborating on the bill to lawmakers.
Currently， 420 species of wild animals are considered rare or endangered by the Chinese Government. They include giant pandas， golden monkeys， Asian black bears and pangolins.
According to the bill， anyone who eats listed animals or buys them for other purposes， will be consid-
ered as breaking the law and will be sentenced to prison term of five to 10 years， depending on the degree of their offence.
Natural Gas Supply
China will raise its natural gas supply to as much as 420 billion cubic meters per year by 2020 amid rising demand due to urbanization， a government statement said on April 23.
The increased supply will cater to the rising demand for natural gas in people’s daily lives， schools， nursing homes， home heating， as well as in buses and taxis， a statement on the Central Government website said.
The supply increase is also driven by the nation’s efforts to mitigate air pollution stemming from an overreliance on coal， the statement said.
To expand natural gas production， investment in gas storage facilities as well as their construction and operation will be open to all market players， the statement said. Meanwhile， companies will also have the option to issue bonds to raise capital for the construction of storage facilities. The government will offer favorable land policies for storage facility projects， the statement said.
Data showed that natural gas consumption in China hit nearly 170 billion cubic meters in 2013.
Glacier Protection
A protected area will be marked out in an attempt to arrest the shrinking of Glacier No. 1 in the Tianshan Mountains of northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， authorities said on April 23.
All mining sites in the 948-sqaurekm protection zone will be shut down within three to five years， and the regional government will restrict vehicles on a national highway section near the zone and ban tourists from entering it.
The regional government has established a leading team for the construction of the area， where grazing will also be restricted. China has 46，377 glaciers， with 18，311 located in Xinjiang. The autonomous region’s glacier melt water accounts for about 25 to 30 percent of its surface run-off， and the thawing of the glaciers could have a disastrous effect on the region， according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Dragon World
A live show imitating the scenes from the movie How To Train Your Dragon preform a costume rehearsal in Beijing on April 21. The show will go on the stage of National Stadium in the capital on May 30
Green Oasis
Fengshuiliang Town， which was built in the Kubuqi Desert in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， has grown itself into an island of green amongst the sands.
Kubuqi is the country’s seventh biggest desert and suffers from frequent sandstorms and droughts.
With support of the local government and enterprises， the Kubuqi Desert， which used to be barren and sandstorm-stricken， is expected to become a green oasis.
Researchers will evaluate the desert’s ecology and try to spread successful desert control initiatives to other countries， according to the United Nations Environment Programme.
Reserve Ratio Cut
China’s central bank cut the reserve requirement ratio for county-level rural commercial banks and rural credit cooperative unions on April 25 to help increase the flow of credit.
The ratio for county-level rural commercial lenders was trimmed by 2 percentage points and that for rural credit cooperatives was cut by 0.5 percentage points. The adjustment will help enhance financial support for rural development and guide credit flow to rural areas， the People’s Bank of China said in an online statement.
However， the central bank did not say how much capital could be freed by cutting the ratio.
More Autonomy
China’s State Council announced on April 24 that the country will reduce the government’s power in terms of administrative approval for companies’investment projects.
Investment projects will only need to be registered instead of being approved if they can be effectively managed through economic measures and laws in sectors with sufficient competition and where companies have measures for self-regulation， a statement on the Central Government’s website said.
Allowing companies’ autonomy in investment is a necessity in balancing the roles of the government and the market， as well as an important move in utilizing the pivotal role of investment， boosting restructuring through reforms， and maintaining the stable growth of the economy， the statement said.
Private Capital
China announced 80 major public infrastructure projects on April 24， experimenting with wider access for private and overseas investors.
The decision was made at a State Council executive meeting， the second meeting in a month to focus on infrastructure investment.
The projects will cover railway and harbor construction， new infrastructure needed by the area of information technology， major clean energy projects such as hydropower， wind power and photovoltaic power， as well as modernization projects in oil and gas and chemical industries.
It has been expected that overseas investors are likely to benefit from the new infrastructure investment program along with domestic private-sector investors.
The State Council said private investment will be encouraged to enter fields that are “monopolistic in nature”or those that “used to be dominated by government investment and Stateowned enterprises.”
The State Council also decided that oil and gas exploration， public utilities， water resources projects and airport construction will be the next to open to private-sector investment.
Illegal Fund Raising
China will strengthen its efforts in cracking down on illegal fund-raising activities after an increase in such practices last year， a senior legal official said on April 22.
Public security departments prosecuted 3，700 illegal fund-raising cases in 2013， said Liu Zhangjun， Director General of the Office of the Interagency Anti-Illegal Fund-Raising Taskforce， at a press conference in Beijing. The official said authorities had helped investors recover more than 6.4 billion yuan （$1.04 billion） of lenders’losses last year.
“Currently we are faced with severe challenges. The numbers of illegal fund-raising cases， total funds raised and those involved remain at high levels，” said Liu.
Illegal fund-raising comes in different forms， such as by offering false wealth management products， valueless commemorative coins， stamps and currency notes， as well as the sale of sham stocks by self-proclaimed private banks to investors.
Revitalizing the Silk Road
Loaded with electronic products， a Wuhan-Xinjiang-Europe freight train sets off from Wuhan， capital of central China’s Hubei Province. It will cross the border at the Alataw Pass of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， run across Kazakhstan， Russia and the Republic of Belarus and finally arrive at Lodz， Poland.
After being suspended for one and a half years， the freight train resumed operations on April 23.
Meanwhile， online peer-to-peer（P2P） business has also become an area where illegal fund-raising occurs， along with the rising popularity of Internet finance in the country， Liu said. Authorities will enhance crackdown efforts against fraudulent advertisements while educating the public on risks.
Invigorating Investment
An introductory event is jointly held in Beijing for the 18th China International Fair for Investment and Trade by the Ministry of Commerce and the organizing committee on April 24
FTZ Rules Submitted
Much-anticipated operational rules for the China （Shanghai） Pilot Free Trade Zone （FTZ）， awaiting approval by local legislators， are expected to come into force in the second half of 2014 and lay a legal foundation for further reform. Under the draft， the rules will take effect on August 1.
Jiang Sixian， Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress， told a forum in April that the new rules will be passed by the end of June. As a comprehensive framework， they will cover issues such as investment， trade， finance， tax and the legal environment. They also will legalize reforms already in place， such as removal of the foreign currency deposit rate and permission for offshore accounts in the FTZ.
Innovations adopted by the FTZ such as a “negative list” management approach for foreign investment， designed to bring about more transparency and freedom， also will be incorporated. Tax Reduction
Chinese small businesses eligible for a tax break may enjoy the policy directly without an approval， according to China’s taxation authority.
The State Administration of Taxation （SAT） said in a statement on April 24 that small firms with annual taxable income under 100，000 yuan（$16，030） may have their business income tax halved without approvals.
In early April， China rolled out the tax break， which is valid from January 1 this year until the end of 2016， shortly after a State Council executive meeting， at which the government announced an economic package to address downward pressure.
“Eligible firms are only required to put their financial conditions on record at local taxation authorities， even though the firms have no complete accounting books，” said the SAT statement. Those that had paid business income tax fully before April 8 can get refunds， according to the statement.
Small and micro firms serve as the foundation for continuous and steady economic growth， according to SAT. By the end of 2013， there were about 11.7 million small and micro companies in China， accounting for 76.6 percent of the total number of firms in the country.
Urbanization Up
China will enhance reforms in the management of population data， land， funding guarantees， housing and environmental protection to boost the urbanization process.
Xu Shaoshi， Minister of the National Development and Reform Commission（NDRC）， said on April 19 that the rapid urbanization process in China has created problems， such as a huge population transfer from rural to urban areas and low efficiency in urban land use.
The work in population management will accelerate household registration system reform， improve basic public services and build a nationwide population database， Xu said.
The standard of urban land use and planning will be strictly complied with， while the NDRC will explore incentives for increasing and redeveloping urban construction land.
Fiscal and tax reforms will balance government financial resources with public service duties and attract more social capital for city construction through a transparent investment and financing mechanism and healthy bond issuance system， Xu said.
More affordable housing will be provided for basic housing requirements， while the market will play a bigger role in satisfying different consumption needs， according to the NDRC.
Meanwhile， the NDRC will continue to improve ecological urban design and industrial structure with stricter regulations on environmental protection in order to upgrade green development.