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目的通过动物实验探讨芦荟提取物治疗高血压病的机制。方法用N’-硝基-L-精氨酸(L-NNA)给药4周复制高血压大鼠模型,将50只雄性高血压大鼠随机分为5组:模型组,芦荟提取物高、中、低剂量组[300、150、75 mg/(kg·d)]及依那普利组[20 mg/(kg·d)],每组10只;另外选取正常10只SD大鼠作为空白组。每日给予各组大鼠相应药物灌胃,空白组和模型组给予等量蒸馏水。采用无创尾动脉测压法,每周测定大鼠收缩压(SAP)、舒张压(DAP)、平均动脉压(MAP)及心率(HR)一次,共4周。4周后,自大鼠腹主动脉取血,检测大鼠血清一氧化氮(NO)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及内皮素(ET)含量,同时取心脏和肾脏组织用10%中性甲醛缓冲液固定,石蜡包埋并切片,HE染色后观察病理组织形态学的变化。结果给药4周后,与模型组相比,芦荟提取物高、中、低剂量和依那普利对照组能显著降低模型动物收缩压(t=4.648,P<0.01)、舒张压(t=6.469,P<0.01)和平均动脉压(t=8.731,P<0.01),减慢心率(t=4.390,P<0.01),2种药物均能显著增加大鼠血清NO(t=6.183,P<0.01)和SOD(t=8.502,P<0.01)含量,降低大鼠血清ET含量(t=8.731,P<0.01),但两者差异无统计学意义。同时治疗组心脏质量和肾脏质量下降,能够缓和心脏和肾脏的损伤现象。结论芦荟提取物对L-NNA诱导的高血压大鼠血压有降低作用,推测其降压机制主要是通过增加血管舒张因子NO及降低血管紧张素ET的含量,从而使血压下降。
Objective To investigate the mechanism of aloe extract in the treatment of hypertension by animal experiments. Methods Four-week-old hypertensive rat model was induced by N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA). Fifty male Hypertensive rats were randomly divided into five groups: model group, aloe vera extract , Middle and low dose groups [300, 150, 75 mg / (kg · d)] and enalapril group [20 mg / (kg · d) As a blank group. The rats in each group were given the corresponding drugs daily, while the blank group and model group were given the same amount of distilled water. The noninvasive tail arterial pressure was used to measure the systolic pressure (SAP), diastolic pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) once a week for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, blood was taken from the abdominal aorta of the rats and the contents of serum nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and endothelin (ET) were measured. At the same time, heart and kidney tissues were harvested with 10% The formalin was fixed in paraffin, embedded in paraffin and sliced. The morphological changes of the pathological tissues were observed after HE staining. Results Compared with the model group, the high, middle and low doses of aloe extract and enalapril control group could significantly reduce the systolic blood pressure (t = 4.648, P <0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (t (T = 4.369, P <0.01) and mean arterial pressure (t = 8.731, P <0.01), heart rate decreased (t = 4.390, P <0.01). Both drugs significantly increased serum NO (t = P <0.01) and SOD (t = 8.502, P <0.01), and decreased the level of ET in serum (t = 8.731, P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups. At the same time, the quality of heart and the quality of the kidneys in the treatment group decreased, which could alleviate the heart and kidney damage. Conclusions Aloe extract has a decreasing effect on blood pressure in rats with L-NNA-induced hypertension, and it is presumed that its antihypertensive mechanism mainly decreases blood pressure by increasing the content of vasodilator NO and decreasing the content of angiotensin ET.