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目的评价小直径(直径2.5～3.0 mm)种植体的临床应用疗效和特点。方法对2007年1月至2010年1月在山东大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科接受小直径种植体治疗的42例患者的临床资料进行回顾分析。42例患者共植入小直径种植体51颗,其中36例患者(44颗种植体)行延期修复,6例(7颗种植体)行即刻修复。定期行临床检查、X线片检查,评价分析小直径种植体3年累计存留率、边缘骨吸收情况、软组织及美学效果、修复体并发症等。结果 1颗种植体(Osstem)植入后2个月因牙周病导致种植体周围炎而脱落,1颗种植体(Compress)植入后3年固位螺丝折断,种植体3年累计存留率为96.1%;种植体边缘平均骨吸收高度第1年为1.2 mm,以后平均每年0.2 mm;修复后1颗烤瓷修复冠松动。结论在本研究观察时间范围内认为小直径种植体适用于临床缺牙间隙三维空间不足的病例,其长期的的临床疗效有待进一步观察。
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and characteristics of small diameter (2.5-3.0 mm in diameter) implants. Methods The clinical data of 42 patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery with small diameter implants at the Stomatological Hospital of Shandong University from January 2007 to January 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-one patients were implanted with 51 small diameter implants. Among them, 36 patients (44 implants) underwent delayed repair and 6 patients (7 implants) underwent immediate repair. Regular clinical examination, X-ray examination, evaluation and analysis of small diameter implants, 3-year cumulative survival, marginal bone resorption, soft tissue and aesthetic effects, prosthetic complications. Results Two weeks after implantation of one implant (Osstem), peri-implantosis led to peri-implantitis and shedding. After one implant (Compress) was implanted three years, the fixation screw was broken, and the three-year cumulative survival rate Was 96.1%. The mean bone resorption height at the edge of the implant was 1.2 mm in the first year and 0.2 mm in the future after implantation. After the restoration, one porcelain restoration crown was loose. Conclusions Small diameter implants are considered to be suitable for cases of insufficient three-dimensional space of clinical missing teeth gaps in the observation time range of this study. Long-term clinical efficacy needs to be further observed.