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目的通过分析南京市2009年麻疹的流行特征,探讨控制麻疹的策略和措施。方法采用描述性流行病学现况研究方法,对2009年麻疹发病的流行病学特征进行分析。结果南京市2009年共报告麻疹病例478例,发病率为6.34/10万;其中实验室确诊病例460例,临床确诊病例18例。病例以散发为主,无死亡病例,无暴发疫情,主要集中在3—5月份;病例中散居儿童较多,其次是服务业和学生、工人;男女性别比为1∶0.74;麻疹病例主要为无免疫史和免疫史不详者,合计占总病例数的90.38%。结论提高常规免疫接种率,削除免疫空白,对高危人群开展强化免疫,加强流动人口的管理,是控制、消除麻疹的重要措施和手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in 2009 in Nanjing and discuss the strategies and measures for measles control. Methods Using the descriptive epidemiological study method, the epidemiological characteristics of measles in 2009 were analyzed. Results A total of 478 measles cases were reported in Nanjing in 2009 with a prevalence of 6.34 / 100 000, of which 460 were diagnosed clinically and 18 were clinically diagnosed. The cases were mainly sporadic, no deaths and no outbreaks, mainly concentrated in March-May. There were more scattered children in the cases, followed by the service industry and students and workers. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1: 0.74. The cases of measles were mainly No history of immunization and history of immunization are unknown, totaling 90.38% of the total number of cases. Conclusion Increasing the routine vaccination rate, eliminating the immune blanket, strengthening immunity to high-risk groups and strengthening the management of floating population are important measures and means to control and eliminate measles.