急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)的防治是多途径、综合性的救治过程。目前尚无治疗急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)/ARDS的特效药物,对其有缓解作用的药物主要针对其的急性渗出期、炎症反应或氧化损伤以及纤维增生期。联合多种药理因素的机械协同作用或者叠加作用以及药物与非药物干预(如机械通气)的治疗可同时作用于ARDS病理生理的多方面,对该病的防治起着至关重要的作用。 Prevention and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a multi-channel and comprehensive treatment process. Currently, there are no specific drugs for treating acute lung injury (ALI) / ARDS. The drugs that have a relieving effect on them are mainly directed to their acute exudative phase, inflammatory reaction or oxidative damage, and fibrogenesis. Combination of multiple pharmacological factors, mechanical synergism or superposition and drug and non-drug interventions (such as mechanical ventilation) can simultaneously act in many aspects of the pathophysiology of ARDS, the prevention and treatment of the disease plays a crucial role.