目的:探讨早期乳腺癌患者行保乳手术临床治疗方法及效果。方法:选取我院自2011年5月～2013年5月收治的88例早期乳腺癌患者随机分为观察组与参考组,各为44例,观察组患者采用保乳手术,参考组患者采用改良根治术,比较2组患者近期治疗效果及5年内生存率、复发率、转移率。结果:观察组患者术中出血量、术后拆线时间、术后积液发生率均明显少于参考组,P<0.05;2组患者淋巴结清扫个数无明显差异,P>0.05;2组患者5年内生存率、复发率及转移率无显著差异,P>0.05,无统计学意义。结论:早期乳腺癌患者行保乳手术同样具有良好治疗效果,创口小,恢复快,有助于患者生理及心理的康复,有着显著的临床价值。 Objective: To investigate the clinical treatment of breast-conserving surgery and its effect in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with early-stage breast cancer admitted to our hospital from May 2011 to May 2013 were randomly divided into observation group and reference group, with 44 cases in each group. The patients in observation group were treated with breast-conserving surgery and the patients in reference group were treated with modified Radical surgery, the two groups of patients with short-term treatment effect and 5-year survival rate, recurrence rate, metastasis rate. Results: The intraoperative blood loss, postoperative stitching time and incidence of postoperative effusion in the observation group were significantly less than those in the reference group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of lymph node dissection between the two groups (P> 0.05) There was no significant difference in survival rate, recurrence rate and metastasis rate within 5 years in patients, P> 0.05, without statistical significance. Conclusion: Breast-conserving surgery in patients with early breast cancer also has good therapeutic effect. It has a small wound and rapid recovery, which is helpful to patients’ physical and psychological rehabilitation. It has significant clinical value.