本文针对 2 0世纪文学批评领域出现的热衷于自我证明并拒绝历史语境的倾向 ,通过剖析文体学批评、道德批评、神话批评、精神分析批评和结构主义批评等五种批评方法 ,说明没有一种阐释模式是完全自足的 ,它们所谓的自主性来自阐释过程中的任意限定和设界。如果将其中的任何一种方法延伸 ,即使完全用它自身的术语 ,也会再次进入批评的历史维度 This article aims at the tendencies of self-identification and rejection of historical context emerging in the field of literary criticism in the 20th century. By analyzing five critical methods of stylistic criticism, moral criticism, mythological criticism, psychoanalytic criticism and structuralist criticism, The patterns of interpretation are completely self-sufficient, and their so-called autonomy comes from the arbitrary definition and boundaries of the interpretation process. If any one of them is extended, even if it is completely used in its own terms, it will re-enter the historical dimension of criticism