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作为一度被认为行使世界上最广泛普遍管辖权的国家,西班牙曾经奉行的绝对普遍管辖权屡屡将其卷入争议的漩涡。实践表明,绝对的普遍管辖权只会带来不切实际的希望,营造实现正义的假象,不仅无法有效发挥终结有罪不罚的作用,甚至可能引发滥用的风险。因此,西班牙顺应世界普遍管辖权发展的趋势,经过长期立法和司法实践的探索,确立了普遍管辖权的适用条件,包括要求案件与西班牙存在联系、具备起诉主体资格、补充性原则,并不断加以完善,使其刑事普遍管辖权从无度逐步迈向约束。
As a country once thought to exercise the widest possible universal jurisdiction in the world, the absolute universal jurisdiction that Spain had pursued repeatedly involved it in the vortex of controversy. Practice shows that absolute universal jurisdiction leads only to unrealistic hopes of creating the illusion of achieving justice that not only fails to effectively exert the effect of ending impunity, but may even lead to the risk of abuse. Therefore, Spain complies with the trend of development of universal jurisdiction in the world. After long-term legislative and judicial practice, Spain has established the conditions for universal jurisdiction, including requiring the case to be in contact with Spain, being qualified as a prosecutor, and supplementing the principle Improve and perpetuate its universal criminal jurisdiction from unlimited to restraint.