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公共图书馆是各国政府出资设立的向本国公众提供知识和信息以及终身教育的重要公益性文化机构。欧洲各国尤其是西欧发达国家的公共图书馆事业历来比较发达,其原因主要与这些国家比较完备的相关立法有关。本文简要介绍了欧盟和丹麦、德国、俄罗斯、法国、芬兰、瑞士、匈牙利和意大利等国的公共图书馆发展现状及有关立法,并对立法中涉及公共图书馆服务的法律规定作了初步梳理,希冀对有关公共图书馆立法的研究提供一些文献上的帮助。
Public libraries are important public cultural institutions set up by governments to provide knowledge and information to their own citizens and to lifelong education. The development of public libraries in European countries, especially in developed countries in Western Europe, has always been relatively well developed. The reason is mainly related to the relatively complete legislation in these countries. This article briefly introduces the current situation of the development of public libraries in the EU, Denmark, Germany, Russia, France, Finland, Switzerland, Hungary and Italy as well as relevant legislation. It also makes a preliminary review of the legal provisions concerning public library services in the legislation, I hope to provide some references to the research on the public library legislation.