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马克思的社会经济形态理论有三个发展阶段，相应地具有三个理论视界，对它们不加区分是不对的．19世纪40年代以《德意志意识形态》为代表为第一阶段，是以生产方式为核心的哲学一历史学的视界；40年代末至50年代末以《1857—58年经济学手稿》为代表为第二阶段，是以劳动价值论为核心的哲学一经济学视界；60年代后以《资本论》为代表为第三阶段，是以剩余价值理论为核心的无产阶级政治经济学的视界．马克思在上述各个阶段都贯彻了主体实践观点，但其落脚点是在对社会客观规定性的强调。马克思把哲学看作方法论，无意将它发展为解释体系。
Marx’s theory of social and economic forms has three stages of development, and accordingly has three theoretical horizons. It is wrong to distinguish them. In the 1840s, “Germany’s ideology” was the first phase, and it was the philosophical-historical field with the mode of production as the core. From the late 1940s to the late 1950s, “Economic Manuscripts 1857-58” Is the philosophical-economic horizon with labor theory of value as the core; the third stage represented by “capital theory” after the 1960s is the vision of proletarian political economy with the theory of surplus value as the core. Marx carried out the main body’s practice point of view in all the above stages, but his foothold was the emphasis on the objective and prescriptive social. Marx regarded philosophy as a method and did not intend to develop it into a system of explanation.