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自一九五六年筹备召开党的八大开始,中共领导人对社会主义建设道路进行了艰辛的探索。一九五八年兴起的“大跃进”运动,使经济建设遭受严重挫折,被迫进行全面的调整。到一九六二年,调整取得明显成效,国民经济逐步趋向好转。中共领导人总结“大跃进”的教训,一边继续对国民经济进行调整,一边提出新的发展目标,继续探索社会主义建设道路。到一九六六年“文化大革命”爆发前,这一时期的探索主要集中在制订国民经济发展的第三个五年计划、决策和部署三线建设、试办工业托拉斯[3]以及开展社会主义教育运动等方面。
Since the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in 1956, the leaders of the CPC have made arduous explorations on the socialist construction road. The “Great Leap Forward” campaign that started in 1958 caused serious setbacks in economic construction and forced it to make an all-round adjustment. By 1962, the adjustment achieved remarkable results, and the national economy gradually improved. While summing up the lesson from the “Great Leap Forward,” while continuing to readjust the national economy, the CPC leaders put forward new development goals and continue to explore the socialist construction road. Until the outbreak of the “Cultural Revolution” in 1966, the exploration in this period mainly focused on the formulation of the third five-year plan for the development of the national economy, the decision-making and deployment of the third-line construction, the pilotation of industrial trusts [3] Socialist education campaign.