论文部分内容阅读
长期以来黄河下游河床及河口泥沙淤积严重。黄河流域面积79.5万 km~2,其中水土流失面积就达43.4万 km~2,占流域面积的55%,严重的水土流失,造成进入黄河的泥沙量多年米年平均达16亿 t。目前,黄河下游河道平均河底高程普遍高出河堤外地面3～5m,成为名副其实的地上悬河,严重威胁着沿岸人民生命及财产的安全。如去年8月黄河花园口站洪峰流量为7600m~3/s,属中常洪水,但洪峰水位却高达94.73m,使下游大部分河滩区普遍受灾。
For a long time, sediment deposition in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and river mouth is serious. The Yellow River basin covers an area of 795,000 km2, of which 434,000 km2 are soil erosion areas, accounting for 55% of the basin area. Severe water and soil loss has caused an average annual sediment load of 1.6 billion tons over the years. At present, the mean river bottom elevation of the lower reaches of the Yellow River is generally 3 to 5 meters higher than that of the embankment. It has become a veritable hanging river and threatens the safety of people and property on the coast. For example, in August last year, the flood peak flow at Huayuankou Station of the Yellow River was 7600m ~ 3 / s, which is a normal flood. However, the peak water level of flood peak is as high as 94.73m, making the floodplain area of the lower reaches generally affected.