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以济麦22为供试材料,在大田条件下,9年定位设置旋耕(R)、翻耕(P)、间隔2年深松+条旋耕(SRS)、间隔2年深松+旋耕(RS)4种耕作方式,在2014—2015年和2015—2016年小麦生长季研究不同耕作方式对小麦旗叶光合特性、干物质积累与分配和产量的影响.结果表明:SRS处理小麦旗叶净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)和气孔导度(g_s)在开花后21~35d均显著高于其他处理.灌浆期SRS处理平均冠层光合有效辐射(PAR)截获率显著高于RS和P处理,R处理最低.成熟期SRS处理干物质积累量、开花后干物质向籽粒的分配量和对籽粒的贡献率最高,均显著高于其他处理.SRS处理小麦籽粒产量和水分利用效率均显著高于其他处理;总耗水量与RS处理无显著差异,显著高于P和R处理.在本试验条件下,间隔2年深松+条旋耕的耕作方式是节水高产高效的最佳耕作处理.
The experiment was conducted under the conditions of field and nine years in a field setting with rotary cultivator (R), tillage (P), subsoiling + rotary cultivator (SRS) at an interval of two years, and subsoiling Tillage (RS) was used to study the effects of different tillage patterns on the flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and distribution and yield of wheat during the growing season of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. The results showed that SRS treatment of wheat flag The net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r) and stomatal conductance (g_s) of leaves were significantly higher than those of other treatments from 21 to 35 days after flowering.The interception rate of average canopy photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) In RS and P treatments, R treatment was the lowest, the dry matter accumulation of SRS in maturity stage, the distribution of dry matter to grain and the contribution to grain were the highest in mature SRS, which were significantly higher than those in other treatments.SRS treatment of wheat grain yield and water content Utilization efficiency was significantly higher than other treatments; total water consumption and RS treatment no significant difference was significantly higher than the P and R treatment under the conditions of this experiment, 2 years apart + subsoiler rotary cultivation method is water-saving high yield and high efficiency The best farming process.