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[目的]了解失地农民的心理健康状况,研究其影响因素,为制订失地农民的相关政策提供决策依据,帮助解决就业问题。[方法]使用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取徐州市金山桥社区、茶棚社区两地失地农民。两地随机抽取一个居委会农民以SCL-90量表开展问卷调查,收回有效问卷1041份。[结果]失地农民心理健康问题严重,被调查的失地农民中,有442人(占42.5%)心理异常。心理健康状况调查结果显示,失地农民的SCL-90总均分、躯体化、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病等因子得分都远高于城市正常人群。多因素分析发现年龄大、健康状况差、不能得到家人的帮助、与社会其他成员的联系少、对政府补助政策不满是影响失地农民心理健康的重要危险因素。[结论]失地农民的心理健康存在个体差异;职业、年龄、性别、受教育程度、婚姻及家庭状况、社会保障状况、个人生活习惯、与社会的联系是影响失地农民心理健康的因素。政府在重视完善社会保障制度、医疗保险制度以及社会支持系统的同时,要注意失地农民的心理健康疏导教育,开展针对个体的心理咨询与治疗,以维护社会的稳定和谐发展。
[Objective] To understand the state of mental health of land-lost peasants, study its influencing factors, provide decision-making basis for formulating the relevant policies of landless peasants, and help to solve the employment problem. [Methods] The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to extract land-lost peasants in Jinshanqiao community and Chacha community in Xuzhou city. Two randomly selected residents of a neighborhood committee to carry out a questionnaire survey SCL-90 scale, to recover 1041 valid questionnaires. [Result] The mental health problems of landless peasants were serious. Among the landless peasants surveyed, 442 (42.5%) had mental disorders. Mental health status survey results show that landless peasants SCL-90 total score, somatization, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia, mental illness and other factors score is much higher than the urban normal population. Multivariate analysis found that older people, poor health, unable to get the help of their families, and less contact with other members of the community, dissatisfaction with the government subsidy policy is an important risk factor affecting the mental health of landless peasants. [Conclusion] There were individual differences in mental health of landless peasants. Factors such as occupation, age, gender, educational level, marital and family status, social security status, personal living habits and social connection were the factors affecting the mental health of landless peasants. While paying due attention to perfecting the social security system, medical insurance system and social support system, the government should pay attention to the mental health of landless peasants to ease education and carry out individual counseling and treatment so as to safeguard social stability and harmonious development.